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1、定语从句,定语从句,概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句,1.The man is a farmer.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个
2、句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,which, who, whom, whose, that,先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词 （通常是名词或代词） 关系词的作用： 1.引导定语从句 2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。,定语从句：,先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句,修饰,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.,These are the trees w
3、hich were planted last year.,当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.,有时可代替whom作宾语,who, whom, whose, that用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,Whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teache
4、r.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,下列情况只能用that,1.当序数词或形容词
5、最高级修饰先行词时。,eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.,2. 当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代词时。,that与which的区别,I am sure she has something that you can borrow.,1.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,E.
6、g:This is the very book that belongs to him.,4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。,5. 先行词为人和物的组合。,E.g:They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,E.g: Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?,6. 若主句中有疑问代词who或者whi
7、ch, 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which，而用that。,I love the school _ I have studied in for three years. （2013湖南衡阳） A. where B. when C. that 【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是the school，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即C。,考点例析, What are you looking for? Im looking for the ring _ my husband bought me last year. (2012山东滨州) A. t
8、hat B. who C. whom D. it 【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词the ring指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。,考点例析, What shall we do next? Take the advice _ is given by Dr. Bloch. (2012福建泉州) A. who B. which C. whose 【解析】由先行词the advice可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。,考点例析,Please pass me the cartoon book _ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. (2012
9、天津) A. whom B. whose C. who D. which 【解析】考查which引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为cartoon book，指物，所以应该用关系词which。,考点例析,Its interesting that there are many people _ speak French in Canada. (2012四川成都) A. which B. where C. who 【解析】由先行词people可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。”,考点例析, Now many people smoke
10、 and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. (2012广西玉林) A. what B. who C. / D. that 【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用that，故选D。,考点例析,考点例析,Ive found some pictures of the most interesting places _ you can visit during the winter holidays. (2009山东烟台) A. where B. which C.
11、 what D. that 【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。,单项选择。 1. - Do you know the girl _ is standing there? - She is my little sister. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 2. - Could you tell me something about Zheng He? - Sure. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer _ the Chinese people are
12、 proud of. A. which B. whose C. whom D. where,3. This is the city _ I visited 10 years ago. A. where B. / C. who D. why 4. Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what 5. - What kind of music do you like？ - I like musi
13、c _ I can sing along with. A. who B. that C. what D. why,6. Im a sports fan. Im interested in everything _ is about sports. A. that B. there C. which D. where 7. We are talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that,8. I hate peo
14、ple _ are only nice to you when they want something! A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 9. Dont forget to bring the book _ you bought last week. A. who B. when C. which D. what 10. Is the girl _ you talked with just now new here? A. how B. who C. whose D. which,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes list
15、ening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,11. The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. (2015广州) A. that B. those C. who D. what 12. We dont like people _ talk too much but never do anything. (2015克拉玛依) A. whose B. who C. when D. which,4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is
