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1、Describing I&E Goods,Module Three,Import & Export Business of Commodities,Objectives,After learning this module, you should: 1. be able to explain the importance of the quality, quantity and packing of goods to I,Objectives,Objectives,6. be able to state quality of goods by descriptions, illustratio
2、ns, brands, trade marks, and origins; 7. be able to explain quality tolerance and use it properly in the contract clause; 8. be familiar with the commonly used measurement units; 9. be familiar with the different ways of stating weight of goods; 10. be able to calculate conditioned weight of goods;
3、11. be able to indicate the weight and measurement of your goods under different conditions;,Objectives,Objectives,12. be able to explain and use properly the “more or less” clause in stating the quantity of your goods; 13. be able to explain the functions of different types of packing; 14. be able
4、to choose the appropriate way of packing your goods; 15. be able to read and explain the meaning of various marks on the outer packing; 16. be able to design and make the proper shipping marks and other marks on the outer packing of your goods; 17. be able to state the clauses of quality, quantity,
5、and packing correctly in the I&E contract.,Objectives,Focus and Difficult Points,1. specifications, grade and standard of the goods 2. the way of stating quality by sample 3. quality tolerance 4. conditioned weight 5. more or less clause 6. standard shipping mark 7. the quality, quantity and packing
6、 clauses in the I&E contract,Focus and Difficult Points,Contents,Part One Basic Knowledge,CON,Section A Quality of Goods,Section B Quantity of Goods,Section C Packing and Marking,A.1 Definition of Quality,SEC,CON,The quality of goods refers to the intrinsic attributes and the outer form or shape of
7、the goods. The intrinsic attributes include the chemical composition, mechanical performance, biological features, and the like of the goods, while the outer form or shape is manifested in the modeling, structure, color, and luster of the goods. From a broad point of view, the quality of goods shoul
8、d also include its social attributes, that is, how it meets the subjective requirements and different tastes of its customers.,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,1) Sales by Inspection(看货买卖) Sales by inspection is a way of determining, indicating the quality of the goods by the spot inspection
9、of the importer or its agent. This method is of special necessity for the goods such as ornaments, jewels, paintings, artworks, etc., the quality of which is difficult to be indicated in writing and swings greatly when viewed by different individuals.,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,
10、2) Sales by Samples(凭样成交) A sample is a product often taken out from a whole lot of goods, or specially designed and processed, to show the quality of the whole lot of goods. Such I&E transactions are called sales by sample when they are concluded by samples given as the quality standard for the exp
11、orters to comply with in fulfilling their obligation of delivery. Garments, light industrial products, agricultural products, and native produce are generally sold by samples.,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,In I,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,d. Duplicate Sample, on
12、e or more samples duplicated by the exporter as per his own sample and retained for later reference, or one or more samples duplicated by the importer as per his own sample and retained for later reference; e. Reference Sample, the sample, marked “sample for your reference only” or the like, used on
13、ly for the purpose of sales promotion and not binding upon the exporter.,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,When a sample is used to stand for the quality of the goods, the quality of the goods delivered by the exporter should be “strictly the same” as the quality of the sample. Or the
14、importer is entitled to reject the goods, cancel the contract and claim compensation for the losses thus incurred. As it is sometimes impossible to deliver the goods exactly the same as the sample, a flexible clause such as quality to be “similar/equal to the sample”, “about the same as the sample”,
15、 or the like is often needed in the I&E contract.,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,3) Sales by Specifications(规格) Specifications are the detailed quantitative descriptions of the goods including such quality indicators as the composition, content, purity, strength, size, etc. of the g
16、oods. 【Example 3-1】Quality by Specifications,CON,SEC,A.2 Methods Indicating Quality of Goods,4) Sales by Grade(等级) According to the difference in specifications, the same kind of goods might also be classified into different quality grades, such as the first grade, the second grade, the third grade; large, medium, small; or Grade A, Grade B, Grade C. Grades of goods are usually given by the producers or the traders of the goods or by commercial chambers