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1、过去分词作状语【教学内容】过去分词作状语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作状语的用法【教学重难点】和现在分词作状语时的区别【教学过程】*过去分词作状语，表示动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。过去分词在句中作状语可以作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、让步、原因、结果等。*动词的-ed形式：与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系1、 表示时间动词的-ed形式可置于句首，也可置于句尾，有时还可以置于主语和谓语之间例：当问到有关他的家庭情况时，他没有回答。1.When he was asked about his family,he made no answer.Asked about his fam
2、ily, he made no answer.He, asked about his family, made no answer.He made no answer,asked about his family. 【活学活用】把下列状语从句改为过去分词作时间状语1. When he was asked why he was late, he went red.Asked why he was late,he went red.2. When water is heated,water changes into steam.Heated,water changes into steam.2、
3、表示条件表条件的状语常位于句首例：从远处看，这个村庄看上去更漂亮。1.If the village is Seen in the distance, the village looks more beautiful. Seen in the distance, the village looks more beautiful.【随即随练】把下列状语从句改为过去分词作条件状语1.If we were given more time and money,we would have done the work better.Given more time and money,we would hav
4、e done the work better.2. If I was compared with you, I still have a long way to go.Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.3、 表示原因表示原因的分词短语一般置于句首，偶尔置于句尾或句中例：1.由于伤得严重，只好把他送往医院。 Because he was seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital. Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospita
5、l.【小试牛刀】把下列状语从句改为过去分词作原因状语1. Because the children were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.2.The child learns fast,because the child is well brought up by his parents.The child learns fast,well brought up by his parents.四、表示伴随/方式这
6、种状语可置于句首、句中或句尾综上所述，试着把下列的状语从句改为过去分词作伴随或方式状语1.猎人在森林里慢慢走着，后面跟着一条狗。The hunter walked slowly in the forest and he was followed by his dog.The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his dog.Followed by his dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.The hunter, followed bu his dog, walked slowly
7、 in the forest.2. 他失望地走开了。He went away,disappointed.He went away and he was disappointed.5、 表示让步尝试把下列状语从句改为用过去分词作让步状语1.虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。Though we were beaten by the opposite team,we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.Beaten by the opposite team, we didnt lose heart and encouraged ea
8、ch other.2.虽然受伤了，但那个勇敢的战士依然继续作战。Wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight.Though he was wounded,the brave soldier continued to fight.*特别提示*根据需要，-ed形式前面也可加上when,while,until,once,though,although,as long as,so long as,unless,as if,as though, even if, even though等连词例：1.When asked if he had any drugs
9、 with him, he claimed he was clean. 当问他身上是否藏有毒品时，他声称没有。2. Unless invited,I wont attend the get-together. 除非受到邀请，否则我不会参加聚会。3. The boy left the playhouse without being seen. 这个男孩离开了游戏室没有被人发现。有些过去分词已经形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态或动作的完成。常见的有：satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。例：1.Disap
10、pointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word.因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那儿一句话也没说。2. Finally they arrived the hotel, tired and hungry.最后，他们到达了那家宾馆，又累又饿。过去分词（短语）作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。例:小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的处理。 1.If caught, the police will punish the thief.(误） 2.If caught, the thief will
11、 be punished by the police.(正）【牛刀小试】判断下列句子的正误1. Found him angry, I began to tell jokes.(x) (found与I在这个句中不是被动关系）2. Finding him angry,I began to tell jokes.(v)3. Looking around, there was no one nearby.(x) (look around的逻辑主语不是no one，故本句不成立）4. Looking around, I found there was no one nearby.(v)动词的-ing形式
12、、动词的-ed形式和不定式皆可作状语，区别如下：1） 表方式或伴随时作方式或伴随状语时常用动词的-ed形式，习惯上不用-ing形式一般式的被动语态，即不用being done形式例：1.Many parents were walking about the zoo,followed by their children. 很多父母在动物园里游玩，后面紧跟着自己的孩子。2.Led by a schoolgirl, the blind man crossed the road. 这个盲人由一个女学生领着穿过了马路。2） 表示时间作时间状语时，动词的-ed形式如果同时表示被动和完成，常可换用现在分词的
13、被动完成式；如果只表示被动，不表示完成，则不可换用。例：1.Read many times(=having been red many times),the crabbed story seems much easier. 读过多遍，这个深奥的故事似乎变得容易多了。（表示被动和完成）2.Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。（表示被动）3） 表示“为了”，常用不定式作状语，状语动词动作发生时间与句子谓语动作时间相比，是将来。例：To sleep late in the morn
14、ing,Bob turned off the alarm.为了明天早上可以睡得晚点，Bob把闹钟关了。【随堂练习】单项选择1. “You cant catch me!”Jane shouted, B away. A.run B.running C.to run D.ran2. A To hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last. A.Taken B.Taking C.Having taken D.Being taken3. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, B at the night sky. A.to stare B.staring C.stared D.having stared4. Last night,I saw Weiwei lying in bed, A in deep thought. A.lost B.losing C.to lose D.being lost5. He went to bed B . The next morning he woke up only himself lying on the floor. A.drinking;to find
