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1、专题三 阅读理解之科技类（3）（新课标）三、科技类【典例探究】（2010山东卷D）Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Mis
2、souri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery
3、can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can
4、 cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.“People hear the word nuclear and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”His new idea is not only in th
5、e batterys size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwons battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semicond
6、uctor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the batterys powe
7、r, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.【文章大意】本篇为科普短文，介绍由美国密苏里大学研究者所开发的核能电池的情况。71. Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?A. He teaches chemistry at MU. B. He developed a chemical battery.C. He is working o
8、n a nuclear energy source. D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.72. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_.A. to show chemical batteries are widely applied. B. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.C. to describe a nuclear-powered system. D. to introduce various energy sourc
9、es.73. Liquid semiconductor is used to _.A. get rid of the radioactive waste B. test the power of nuclear batteries.C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries D. reduce the damage to lattice structure.74. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _.A. uses a solid semiconductor B. will soon replace
10、the present ones.C. could be extremely thin D. has passed the final test.75. The text is most probably a _.A. science news report B. book review C. newspaper ad D. science fiction story【答案解析】71. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is
11、smaller, lighter and more efficient及第三段的叙述可知，Kwon在研究一种核能电池，所以C项正确。72. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知Kwon举例的目的是为了说明核能电池是安全性。73. 【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,”及“By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that pr
12、oblem.”可知，通过使用液态半导体材料，可减少对晶体结构的破坏。74. 【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair可知C项正确。75. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。本文讲述了Kwon的原子能电池的有关情况，文章体裁应属于科普文章，所以A项正确。【跟踪演练】1、（2011安徽省巢湖市高三第一次教学质量检测）Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays
13、(紫外线) while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper The Telegraph.The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company JohnsonJohnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on ne
14、wly fallen snow on a ski trail (a rough path) in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japans Okinawa District.They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to
15、 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological Agency. According to the agen- cy, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a
16、300-meter rise in height.Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. Thats why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you m
