《名词归类复习》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《名词归类复习(6页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 因材施教 知任善育教学内容 名词一、名词的定义及分类1、名词是表示人、事物、时间和地点名称的词。2、名词的分类(1)根据其意义划分 普通名词: 个体名词;集体名词;物质名词;抽象名词名词 专业名词 人名 国名 地名 机构名 (2)根据用数字计算来划分 可数名词:单数、复数名词 不可数名词二、1、普通名词个体名词:student violin pig house school umbrella集体名词:family people police class army 物质名词:rice water juice paper hair air抽象名词:weather love luck happin
2、ess work hobby2、专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物。例如:人名:Yao Ming Mr Green Mickey Mouse Big Big Wolf时间:Sunday January Christmas Spring Festival地名:China the Great Wall Chinatown 组织:the United Nations 联合国 the Olympic Games World Health Organization世界卫生组织 NBA三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词可以数的名词
3、(an apple-two apples a car-some cars)不可数名词数不清(没有复数)water coffee food glass Fruit Love Air tea 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有复数形式,不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用,没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 There are many apples.much/a little+不可数名词 如There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。some, any , a lot of =lots of既可以修饰可数名词,有可以修饰不可数名词对可数名词的数量提
4、问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much 规则变化 1)一般情况下加-s 如book-books(书)desk-desks(书桌) 2)以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es 如box-boxes(盒子)bus-buses(公共汽车) 注意以 th 结尾加-s, month-months stomach-stomachs 3)以辅音字母+结尾,变y为i再加- es。 如city-cities(城市) country-countries(国家) family-families, strawberry-strawberries注意以元音+y,直接加s 如:day-days
5、(天),boy-boys(男孩) 4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es 如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半) (thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf) 5)以o结尾 以o结尾的名词,除tomato, potato等少数在后面加es外,一般是在后面直接加s.如: photophotos, zoozoos, radioradios, pianopianos, 不规则变化 1) 元音字母发变化。 如man-men(男人) , woman-women(妇女) tooth-teeth
6、(牙齿) , foot-feet(脚).tooth-teethmouse-mice(老鼠) , policeman-policemen(警察) policewoman-policewomen(女警察) 2) 词尾发生变化。 如child-children(小孩) , ox-oxen(公牛) 3) 单、复数形式相同。 如fish-fish(鱼) ,sheep-sheep(绵羊) ,deer-deer(鹿) ,Chinese-Chinese(中国人) ,Japanese-Japanese (日本人)people-people四、名词的所有格 名词的所有格表示名词与名词间的关系,在汉语中常译成的 情
7、况构成方法例词单数名词加sMikes father,Bobs cat, My fathers name以s结尾的复数名词加The teachers room,the twinss clothes不以s结尾的复数名词加sMens shoes, womens clothes一、1)表示有生命的东西(人或动物)的名词所有格一般在名词后加s .如:my fathers study(我父亲的书房) marys father(玛丽的父亲) jims mother(吉姆的母亲) 2)以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加 如:the teachers reading room 教师阅览室;3)不以s结
8、尾的复数名词的所有格要加s.如:the womens shoes 女式鞋子。4)如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词的后面加s。如:Jane and Helens room 珍妮和海伦的房间(共有)5)如果不是共有的,则两个名词之后都要加s . Bills and Toms radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机(不共有)二、表示无生命的东西,一般用 of+名词的结构。如:a map of China 中国地图the windows of the house 房间的窗户 the picture of the family 家庭照片教学第三个环节:巩固练习一、写出下列名词的复数形式。1.f
9、amily 2.foot 3.watch4.teacher 5.photo 6.woman7.Chinese 8.mouse 9.deer10.toy 11.knife 12.tomato13.stamp 14.child 15.leaf16.tooth 17.country 18.sheep19.bus 20.football 21.key22.kite 23.mouth 24.policeman25.hero 26.kangaroo 27.this 28.that二、把下列词组组成名词所有格1.Mary/room 2.the teacher/books3.a teacher/English
10、4.a map/China5.half an hour/walk6.yesterday/evening paper三、选择题1、Will you show me a-?A.Londons map B.map of Londan C.map in London2、This is my-car and I must return it to him in time. A.friends B.friend C.friends3、My father likes to read-. A.todays paper B.today paper C.todays paper4、The lady was-. A
11、.a friend of my sister B. a friend of my sisters C.my sister friend5、This is-room. A.Mike and Johns B.Mikes and Johns C.Mikes and Johns6、These are-houses. A.Mr.Green and Mr.Wangs B.Mr.Green and Mr.Wangs C.Mr.Greens and Mr.Wangs7、Liu Taos family -very big. A. am B.is C.are D.was8、Lets go to-by plane.
12、 A.australia B.the bank of China C.Japan D.Hongshan park9、The United Nations-a big family. A.am B.is C.are D.were10、Can you draw-on the paper? A.an egg B.a elephant C.a ant D.a umbrella11、I dont have any-,but I have some-. A.apple,juice B.apples.juice C.apples,juices12、They are-and they speak-. A.Ja
13、panese,Japanese B.Japanese,Japan C.Japan,Japanese13、These boys are-. A.America B.Americans C.an American14、I want two-and three-of milk,please. A.pie,carton B.pies,carton C.pies,cartons15、There are many-on the farm. A.pear trees B.pears trees C.pear tree16、-books are heavy. A.Mr Green B.Mr Greens C.Mr Creens17、There is-China on the wall A.a map B.map of C.a map of18、Those are-clothes. A.childs B.childrens C.childrens19、This is-newspaper. A.todays B.todays C.today of四、用所给词的适当形式填空1、There are some(sheep) and(fox) on the hill.2、That is your(storyboo