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1、阅读：Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. T
2、he effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans. The effect holds for all causes of de
3、ath, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy hea
4、rt. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesnt smoke. Theres a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouses death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder
5、 can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected
6、 by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relation
7、ships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their
8、health is interconnected.”1. William Farrs study and other studies show that _. A social life provides an effective cure for illness B being sociable helps improve ones quality of life C women benefit more than men from marriageD marriage contributes a great deal to longevity2. Linda Waites studies
9、support the idea that _. A older men should quit smoking to stay healthyB marriage can help make up for ill healthC the married are happier than the unmarriedD unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life3. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _
10、. A the disadvantages of being marriedB the emotional problems arising from marriageC the responsibility of taking care of ones familyD the consequence of a broken marriage4. What does the author say about social networks? A They have effects similar to those of a marriage.B They help develop people
11、s community spirit.C They provide timely support for those in need.D They help relieve people of their lifes burdens. 5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A Its important that we develop a social network when young.B To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.C Getting a di
12、vorce means risking a reduced life span.D We should share our social networks with each other.正确答案学生答案题干分析题目讲解1.D题干意识为：William Farr 的研究和一些其他的研究表明。A选项意为：社会生活提供了有效的致病良方，文中说到可能会延年益寿。B选项表：喜社交会帮助提高生活的质量，原文则并未提及。C选项说女人可以在婚姻中比男人活得更多的益处。D选项说可以很大程度上提高人的寿命，符合愿意，为正确答案。根据题目中的关键词Willian Farr找到对应的出题段落文章第一段。根据文章第一
13、段中the biggest longevity(长寿) boost seems to come from marriage直接可以得知D项正确。A项“交际活动能有效治疗疾病”和B项“好交际能提高一个人的生活质量”在文中找不到依据，文章的重点是讲述交际活动（主要是夫妻间）对于寿命的积极作用；由文中marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans可知C项错误。2.BLinda Waite 小姐的研究支持如下哪个观点：A年长者应戒烟来保持健康。B婚姻有助于人的身体健康。 C选项说结婚者比未结婚者生
14、活的更快乐。D选项说未婚者在晚年更容易遭受痛苦。由关键词Linda Waite锁定本题的出题源应该在第二段。由第二段中的两个例子：一是患有心脏疾病的已婚老人要比没有相关疾病的未婚老人寿命长约4年；二是一个每天要抽一包多香烟的已婚老人和一个从不吸烟的离过婚的老人寿命几乎一样长。可以推断出B项“婚姻有助于人的身体健康。”A项“为了身体健康老人应戒烟”并不是Linda Waite的研究发现；C、D两项在文中找不到依据。3.A从文中可以推断出”flip side” ( 第二段，第四行)所指的意思是：A表示结婚的不利方面，符合题意，为正确答案。B选项指因婚姻而产生的情感问题C选项表照看家庭的责任感。D选
15、项表离婚所产生的负面影响。由问题中的关键词flip side找到此题的出题源文章第二段。flip side的字面意思是“反面，对立面”，第二段短语flip side前面讲了两个例子来说明婚姻对老年人身体健康的积极意义（见63题解析），后面用however一转，又给了两个研究发现：一、夫妻双方当其中一个去世了，另一个在随后的几年内很可能生病或是离世；二、一人在照顾其换有精神错乱疾病的配偶时可能后来也患有相同的疾病。这两个发现显然都是夫妻生活的负面影响，因此选择A项。4.A作者是如何评价社交网络的？A它们和婚姻有着相似的功效。B. 他们帮助发展了社区精神。C. 社交网络为那些需要帮助的人提供及时的支持。D表帮助减轻人们生活的负担。由问题中的关键词social networks找到出题源文章第二段最后一句。由all kinds of social networks have similar effects可推断选择A项。很显然这里的similar effects指的是marriages effects。文章的第三段提到了社交网络对一个人的种种益处，但并未谈及B、C、D三项所陈述的内容。5.BA在年少的时候发展社交网络是很重要的。B为保持健康，每个人都应该有合适的社交网络。
