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1、Passive voice,被动语态,Introduction,The girl makes a dress for her doll.,The dress is made of silk.,Passive voice?,结构：be +动词的过去分词 意义：强调主语是动作的承受者,The glass was broken by the boy.,变化： 示例,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语 2.谓语 3.宾语,介词by +宾语 加be,并变为过去分词 主语,We call th
2、e garden the West Lake.,The garden is called the West lake.,Active voice 主动语态,S,V,O,Passive voice 被动语态,S,V,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by
3、 them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词,When to use the passive voice,We use the passive voice when,it is obvious who performs the action.,English is spoken in Britain, America and some othe
4、r countries.,The new type of washing machines is sold in this shop.,They clean the river,People build many buildings in the city.,Many buildings are built in the city by people.,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态句子的谓语部分由助动词be +动词的过去分词 其中，助动词be来体现时态的变化。,am Subject + is + done are,The river,is cleaned,by them,People clea
5、n the roads every day. He often hits me on my head. We welcome more visitors to Yangzhou. Students do lots of homework .,Transform the following into the passive,The roads are cleaned every day.,I am often hit on my head by him.,More visitors are welcomed to Yangzhou.,Lots of homework is done by stu
6、dents .,Describe the pictures with the passive voice,The river is polluted seriously.,Some trees are cut down.,A sports meeting is held in our school every year.,The whale is killed for its fin.,Attention!,1,感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接零动词不定式 变成被动语态时要加上“to”,see/hear/notice sb. do sth.,sb. be seen/heard/notice
7、d to do sth.,let/make/have sb. do sth.,sb. be let/made/had to do sth.,The boss makes the workers work all day. I often hear her sing in the room. We see some boys playing football .,The workers are made to work all day.,She is often heard to sing in the room .,Some boys are seen playing football .,2
8、，双宾语结构变为被动语态的两种情况：,Attention!,例句：He teaches us English,常把间接宾语即（sb）变为主语,We are taught English by him.,若把直接宾语(即sth.)变为被动句的主语时， 常在保留宾语前加to或for。,English is taught to us (by him).,Attention!,3，主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”的短语动词 变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。,They look after the girl well.,The girl is looked after well by
9、them.,He often laughs at the poor boy.,The poor boy is often laughed at by him.,Attention!,4，请注意以下几种不用被动语态的情况：,不及物动词（vi）没有被动语态。如：happen,cost,die Start/begin,finish,rise,appear,drop etc. 联系动词（linking V）没有被动语态。（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay） 一些固定结构无被动。如： take place, set out, come t
10、rue, break out, come down, belong to 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当他们与well, badly, easily等副词连用时表示主语内在品质或性能，无被动。 如：The cloth washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. The new product sells well.,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词,4.
11、一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构: was / were + being+ vt 过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词,Homework:,1,许多人被邀请参加这次的活动。(invite) 2,需要更多的钱来支持这项工作。 (support) 3, 在贫困地区，每年很多学校被建起来。 4，电脑被年轻人广泛地使用。,Many people are invited to attend the activity.,More money is needed to support the work.,Many schools are built in poor areas every year.,Computers are widely used by young people.,
