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1、“I have a dream”修辞手法分析一 Phonetic figures of speech1. Alliteration(押头韵)Dignityanddiscipline; greattrialsandtribulations. 押头韵法在演讲中的使用增强了语言的节奏感和音律美，使演讲极富表现力，吸引观众的注意力。二 Syntactic figures of speech 1. Repetition(反复)I have a dream; we refuse to believe that; we have also come to; one hundred years later;
2、we can never be satisfied; now is the time; free at last.以上句子的反复使用使演讲突出思想，分清层次，节奏感加强，给人留下深刻的印象。 2. Parallelism(排比)LetfreedomringfromtheprodigioushilltopsofNewHampshire!LetfreedomringfromthemightymountainsofNewYork!LetfreedomringfromtheheighteningAllegheniesofPennsylvania!Letfreedomringfromthesnowcap
3、pedRockiesofColorado!LetfreedomringfromthecurvaceouspeaksofCalifornia!Withthisfaith,wewillbeabletohewoutofthemountainofdespairastoneofhope.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletotransformthejanglingdiscordsofournationintoabeau-tifulsymphonyofbrotherhood.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tos
4、truggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday.排比句在马丁路德金讲演中的使用使语言层次分明，结构整齐，节奏鲜明，增强了语言的音律感，使语言读起来朗朗上口，铿锵有力，同时让演讲气势恢宏，调动了底下观众的情感，突出了演讲的内容，极具感染力。 3. Antithesis(对照)Nowisthetimetorisefromthedarkanddesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpathofracialjustice.Nowi
5、sthetimetoliftournationfromthequicksandsofracialinjusticetothesolidrockofbrotherhood.以上对照的使用使语言结构整齐，语义对称，色彩鲜明，富有表现力。三Semantic figures of speech1.Simile(明喻) ThismomentousdecreecameasagreatbeaconlightofhopetomillionsofNegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice.Itcameasajoyousdaybreakto
6、endthelongnightofcaptivity.wewillnotbesatisfieduntiljusticerollsdownlikewatersandrighteousnesslikeamightystream.以上两处运用了明喻，有明显的比喻词“Like”和 “As”, 将法令比喻为希望灯塔的光芒和欢乐的破晓，再把正义比喻为流水和喷泉，比喻贴切形象生动，化抽象为具体，增强了语言的画面感。2.Metaphor(暗喻)Onehundredyearslater,thelifeoftheNegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregation
7、andthechainsofdiscrimination.Onehundredyearslater,theNegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.ItisobvioustodaythatAmericahasdefaultedonthispromissorynoteinsofarashercitizensofcolorareconcerned.Insteadofhonoringthissacredobligation,AmericahasgiventheNegropeopleabad
8、check;acheckwhichhascomebackmarked“insufficientfunds”.Butwerefusetobelievethatthebankofjusticeisbankrupt.Werefusetobelievethatthereareinsufficientfundsinthegreatvaultsofopportunityofthisnation.以上段落运用了暗喻的修辞手法，马丁路德金将种族隔离和歧视比喻为枷锁，将物质繁荣比喻为海洋，黑人的贫穷比喻为孤岛，还把美国宪法规定的黑人的权利比喻为空头支票。这些暗喻的大量使用使语言非常生动，形象的说明了美国黑人斗争
9、的现状，化抽象为具体，使听者易懂，同时让演讲极具表现力。四Logical figures of speech1.Euphemism(委婉语)Itcameasajoyousdaybreaktoendthelongnightofcaptivity.ThosewhohopethattheNegroneededtoblowoffsteamandwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.委婉语的使用使语言非常礼貌，避免了语言使用不当可能造成的冒犯和不愉快，使双方都能接受。2.Paradox(悖论) Onehundredyearslater;theNegroisstilllanguishedinthecornersofAmericansocietyandfindshimselfanexileinhisownland.这里悖论的使用初看来不符合逻辑，但却很好的说明了黑人在美国社会的现状，语义强烈，同时起到了一定的讽刺作用。英语4班 金平1182970547
