《光通信图像采集卡及其调试平台设计》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《光通信图像采集卡及其调试平台设计（71页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Classified Index：TP273+.5U.D.C.：621.313Dissertation for the Master Degree in EngineeringTHE DESIGN OFIMAGE ACQUISITION CARDAND ITS FINE-TUNING PLATFORMFOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONCandidate：Supervisor：Academic Degree Applied for：Speciality：Affiliation：Date of Defence：Li ZhiqiProf. Chen XinglinMaster of
2、EngineeringControl Theory and EngineeringDept. of Control Science and EngineeringJune, 2008Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文摘要随着空间技术的迅猛发展，传统的微波通信已经不能满足星地之间数据传输的要求；作为一种全新的通信方式，卫星光通信日益受到重视。卫星光通信是在空间信道中使用激光传输数据的一种通信方式。卫星光通信系统中，APT子系统负责建立和保持通信链路；图像采集卡是 APT子系统的重
3、要组成部分，对于光通信系统的功能实现起着至关重要的作用。本文针对某型号卫星光通信终端，提出了其图像采集卡的实现方案并对实时图像处理算法进行了研究。另外，本文还提出了一种用于检测图像采集卡性能的半物理仿真方法。首先，根据光通信系统的整体设计要求，给出了图像采集卡的设计要求并进一步给出了系统的整体实现方案：在图像采集卡和 CCD探测器之间使用 IEEE1394总线设定 CCD参数并传回图像数据；在图像采集卡和主控单元之间使用 RS485总线进行数据交互；采用 TMS320VC5416作为图像采集卡的核心处理器。进而对此方案进行了实时性分析，论证了方案的可行性。接下来，对图像采集卡中使用的实时图像处
4、理算法进行了研究，确定了图像采集卡中的图像处理流程。对于原始图像首先进行直方图匹配以增强图像的对比度，方便后续的处理；而后，采用全局阈值分割的方法，把灰度图像转换成二值图像；然后，对二值图像进行形态学处理以滤除图像中存在的干扰和噪声；最后，求前景点坐标的均值得到信标光形心位置。然后，对图像采集卡中各个模块的实现进行了详细叙述。采用链路层控制器 TSB12LV32和物理层控制器 TSB41ab3构成 IEEE1394总线控制器；使用通用异步收发器 TL16C752B和 MAX3491构成 RS485总线模块；另外，还根据 TMS320VC5416的引导加载协议，设计了引导加载模块。最后，介绍了用
5、来对图像采集卡进行功能和性能测试的一种半物理仿真方案。本方案使用软件模拟器代替 CCD探测器和主控单元，与图像采集卡进行数据交互；从而简化了测试系统的复杂度。依据该方案搭建了半物理测试平台并对图像采集卡进行测试，证明了图像采集卡的实现方案满足设计要求。关键词IEEE1394总线；IIDC协议；图像处理；RS485- I -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文AbstractWith the rapid development of the aerospace technology, traditionalmicrowave communication can not satisfy the need
6、 of data transfer betweensatellites and earth stations. As a new technique of communication, OpticalCommunication is becoming more and more important. Optical Communicationuses laser instead of microwave to realize the exchange of information. In theOptical Communication system, Acquisition, Pointin
7、g and Tracking (APT)subsystem is used for foundation and instauration of laser link, and ImageAcquisition Card is a critical component of the APT system. In this paper, animage acquisition and processing subsystem is implemented and imageprocessing algorithms are studied. Additionally a semi-physica
8、l simulationscheme is proposed to test the Image Acquisition Card.At first, design requirements and a basic scheme are proposed based on thedemand of the Optical Communication system. IEEE1394 bus is used to transferdata between the CCD sensor and the Image Acquisition Card. RS485 serial busis used
9、to communicate with the Main Controller. And TMS320VC5416 isimplemented as the image processor.The next part is about the image processing algorithms used in the ImageAcquisition Card. The original image is processed by histogram matching in thefirst step to enhance the contrast of the image and mak
10、e it more suitable forthresholding. Then, the image is segmented by a global threshold. Amathematical morphology filter is used to remove the noise in the logical image.Finally, Calculate the mean value of the objects coordinates to get the center ofthe object.The modules of the Image Acquisition Ca
11、rd are introduced one by one.IEEE1394 controller consists of the link controller(TSB12LV32) and the phycontroller(TSB41ab3). RS485 serial bus module is composed of an UART(TL16C752B) and a RS485 transceiver(MAX3491).Additionally, aTMS320VC5416 bootloader module is designed consistent with the bootlo
12、aderfeatures of TMS320VC5416.- II -哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文At last, a semi-physical simulation scheme is introduced. This scheme usessoftware simulators instead of the CCD sensor and the Main Controller toexchange data with the Image Acquisition Card, which simplifies the test systemand removes the errors of
13、 the object simulation system and the optical systemfrom the final test results. Based on this scheme, a semi-physical system isconstructed, which validates the design of the Image Acquisition Card.KeywordsIEEE1394；IIDC specification；Image processing；RS485- III-哈尔工业大学工学硕士学位论文目录摘要 . IAbstract .II第 1章绪论 .11.1课题背景 .11.2光通信系统概述 .
