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1、Part Automobiles Summary,Unit 2,Text,Automobiles and the Environment,Figure 2-1 Automobile Exhausts,New Words and Phrases,magnitude mgnitju:d n. 大小，重要 nitrogen naitrdn n. 氮 hydrocarbon haidruk:bn n. 碳氢化合物 accumulate kju:mjuleit v. 积聚，堆积 sewage sju:id n. 脏水，污水 dispose dispuz v. 处理，处置，销毁 enact inkt v.
2、 制定 constituent knstitjunt n. 成分，构成物 crankcase krkeis n. 曲轴箱 toxic tksik a. 有毒的,noxious nks a. 有害的，有毒的 lean li:n a. 瘦的，贫乏的 fragility frdiliti n. 脆弱，虚弱 elimination i,liminein n. 除去，消除，淘汰 stringent strindnt a. 迫切的，严厉的 mandate mndeit v. 命令，要求 carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 catalytic converters 催化式排气净化器 lead comp
3、ounds 先导化合物,Notes,1 In addition, rubber (which wears away from tires), motor oil, brake fluid, and other substances accumulate on roadways and are washed into streams, with effects nearly as serious as those of untreated sewage. 此外，（从汽车轮胎上磨损下来的）橡胶、车用机油、制动液和其他物质积聚在路面上并最终被（车用机油）冲刷进河流里，并带来的严重后果不亚于未经处理的
4、污水。 2 To some extent this difficulty is solved by adding recycled exhaust gas the fuel mixture, thus avoiding the oversupply of oxygen that favors formation of nitrogen oxides. 从某种程度上讲，只有将废气加燃料混合气中再循环才能解决这个难题，这样可避免过度供应有助于产生氮氧化物的氧气。,3 The fragility of the catalysts used in these systems required the
5、elimination of lead compounds previously used in gasoline to prevent engine knock. 由于这些排气装置中催化剂的不稳定性，以前加在汽油中的防震的先导化合物就必须淘汰。 4 . as with the elimination of lead, measures taken to control air pollution have a negative impact on fuel efficiency. 正如先导化合物淘汰的结果一样，防止空气污染的措施对燃料使用率有负面影响。,Exercises,. Answer
6、the following questions according to the text. 1. What environmental problems are due to automobile? 2. What is automobile exhaust gas made up of? 3. On what conditions will carbon monoxide be produced? 4. To control carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the automobile exhaust, what measures should be
7、 taken? 5. Whats the purpose mix gasoline with ethanol?,. Mark the following statements with T(true) or F(false) according to the text. 1. Scrap automobiles are easy to dispose nowadays. 2. Hydrocarbons are toxic, while nitrogen oxides are not. 3. The conditions that produce minimum emission of hydr
8、ocarbons tend to reduce emission of nitrogen oxides. 4. Measures taken to control air pollution have an active impact on fuel efficiency.,Translating Skills,科技英语翻译方法与技巧It 的用法 1. it 作代词 1）it作无人称代词。 2）it作人称代词。 The zener diode maintains the voltage across its terminals by varying the current that flows
9、 through it. 稳压二极管通过改变流过它的电流来维持稳压二极管的电压。（这里的it是指稳压管）,2. it 作形式主语 1） it代替不定式的句型有： it is ( was ) +形容词+不定式 it+谓语动词+不定式 例如： It requires power to drive machines. 开动机器需要动力。 2）it代替主语从句的句型有： it is +形容词+主语从句 It is certain that 是确定的. It is desirable that 是理想的,it + 谓语动词的被动态 + 主语从句 It is reported that据报道 It is
10、generally recognized that 大家公认为 It is supposed that假设 It is assumed that 假定 例如： It has been found that a force is needed to change the motion of a body. 人们发现，要改变一个动物的运动（状态）需要加外力。 It is + 名词 + 主语从句 It is a pity that 遗憾的是 It is common knowledge that 常识是 It + 不及物动词+主语从句 It seems that 好像是 It turns out t
11、hat 显然， It now appears that 现在开来,3. it作形式宾语 1） it代替动词不定式短语。 When we want to measure very small currents we find it convenient to use milliamperes and microamperes. 当要测量很小的电流时，我们觉得用毫安和微安是比较方便的。 2） it代替宾语从句 The effects we have just discussed make it apparent that there is a means of converting mechani
12、cal energy into electrical energy. 由刚才的讨论结果可以很明显地看出，存在一种将机械能转化为电能的方法。,4. it用于强调句型 It is in the form of alloys that metals are often used in industry. 在工业中就是经常以合金的形式使用金属。,Reading Material,Gear Mechanism Names and Symbols Of Different Gear Parts 1. Number of Teeth 2. Addendum circle, Dedendum circle 3
13、. Tooth Thickness. The Width of the Keywall, Teeth Space 4. Reference Circle 5. Tooth Addendum, Tooth Dedendum, Whole Depth Correct Meshing Conditions of the Involute Straight Tooth Column Gear,Figure 2-2 The names and symbols of different gear parts,Figure 2-3 The proper meshing condition and the c
14、ondition of involutes gears continuous transmission,New Words and Phrases,symbol simbl n. 符号，标志，象征 addendumdendmn .齿轮的齿顶 gear gin . 齿轮，传动装置 dedendumdidendmn.齿轮的齿根 columnklmn .柱，圆柱，柱形物 externalekst:nln .外部a .外部的，外用的 randomrndma，任意的，随机的n .随意，随机 internalint:nla .国内的，内部的 radiusreidisn .半径 circumferences
15、kmfrnsn，圆周，周围,profileprufailn .轮廓 formulaf:mjuln .公式 artificially,:tifiliad .人工的，人为的 modulusmdjulsn .率，系数，模数 standard stndda .标准的 meshme v .啮合 ipsilateralipsiltrla .同侧的，在同一侧的 involuteinvlju:t n .渐伸线，渐开线 modulimd,lain .模（模件，基本单位），模数该词为modulus的复数形式 profileprufail n .轮廓,intersect,intsektv .贯穿，和相交，交叉 transmissiontrnsmin n .传输，传送 respectivelyrispektivliad .各自地，分别地 ratioreiun .比，比率 straighttooth 直齿 radial distance 径向距离 extemalgear 外齿轮
