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1、Part One Electronics,Unit 6 Electronic Instrument Introduction -Oscilloscope,电子仪器介绍-示波器,Preparing for the text:,Technical terms: 1. Electronic voltmeter (VOM) 电子伏特表 2. sine wave 正弦波 3. electronic maintenance 电子维护 4. RMS(root mean square) 有效值 5. troubleshooting manuals 故障手册 6. peak-to-peak value 峰-峰值
2、 Questions for text discussion: 1. What can an oscilloscope measure? amplitude, frequency, and phase,etc. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using oscilloscope for voltage measurement? Oscilloscope can show the waveform directly but the result is not very accurate. 3. How do you determi
3、ne the RMS of voltage using the oscilloscope?,The main idea of this unit:,This unit mainly discusses the advantage and disadvantage of oscilloscope and how to use oscilloscope to measure voltage.,(1)The most obvious advantage is that the oscilloscope shows waveform, frequency and phase simultaneousl
4、y with the amplitude of the voltage(or current) being measured. (2) The major disadvantage of using an oscilloscope for voltage (or current) measurement is the problem of resolution. (3)The amplitude of a voltage waveform on an oscilloscope screen can be determined by counting the number of centimet
5、ers(cm),New Words: oscilloscope silskup n.示波器 An oscilloscope can show the waveform of voltage. 2. obvious bvis adj.明显的 It is obvious that the result of the experiment is wrong. adv. obviously 3. simultaneously simlteinisly adv.同时地， 同步的 4. amplitude mplitju:d n.振幅, 幅度 amplitude of voltage (current)
6、5. calibrate klibreit v.校准 6. sine sain n.正弦 7. significant sinifiknt adj.大量的, 重要的 Some of the most signicant issues were neglected. 8. harmonic h:mnik n.谐波,9. inaccurate inkjurit adj.错误的, 不准确的 In- independent insignificant 10. display displei n.显示,显示器 LED display The instrument is displayed in the
7、window. 11. division divin n.分开, 分割, 分部 12. vertical v:tikl adj.垂直的 horizontal 13. scale skeil n.刻度, 进制 14.interpolate int:puleit v.插入 15. maintenance meintinns n.维护, 保持 16. manual mnjul n.手册 We will issue a maintenance manual for guidance. manual labor The request and specification manual for the p
8、roduct 产品需求和规格说明,Expressions: in relation to 与有关，涉及 multiply by 用乘 be converted to 把转换成 sum up 总之,An oscilloscope can present an accurate electronic picture of the changing voltages within a circuit. It has both advantage and disadvantage when used to measure voltage (or current). The most obvious a
9、dvantage is that the oscilloscope shows waveform,frequency and ohase simultaneously with the amplitude of the voltage (or current) being measured. The VOM or electronic voltmeter shows only amplitude. Likewise, most meters are calibrated in relation to sine waves. When the signals being measured con
10、tain significant harmonics, the calibrations are inaccurate. With the oscilloscope, the voltage is measured from the displayed wave, which includes any harmonic content. 示波器可以显示电路中变化电压（或电流）的精确波形。用它测量电压（或电流）既有优点，也有缺点。最明显的优点是示波器在测量电压（或电流）波形的幅度时，能同时显示波形、频率和相位。而用万用表或电子电压表只能显示波形幅度。而且，大多数电表是根据正弦波来校准的。当被测信
11、号含有大量谐波时，校准便不准确了。而用示波器，电压是根据显示的含有许多谐波的波形测得的。,Text,Notes to the text: The amplitude of a voltage waveform on an oscilloscope screen can be determined by counting the number of centimeters(cm), vertically, from one peak to the other peak of the waveform and multiplying it by the setting of the volts/c
12、m control. 示波器屏幕的电压振幅可以通过峰-峰值所占垂直格数乘上所设定的volts/cm控制旋钮来确定。 这里的counting 与multiplying为并列部分，同为介词by的宾语。Multiplyby为词组。,The only major disadvantage of using an oscilloscope for voltage (or current) measurement is the problem of resolution. The scales of simple inexpensive VOMs or electronic voltmeters are
13、easier to read than an oscilloscope. In most cases, the oscilloscopes vertical scales are used for voltage (or current) measurements, with each scale division representing a given value of voltage (or current). When voltages are large, it is difficult to interpolate between divisions. 使用示波器测量电压（或电流）
14、的主要缺点是分辨率问题。简单而便宜的万用表或电子电压表的刻度比示波器更容易读。大多数情况下，示波器的垂直刻度用于测量电压（或电流），每一小刻度代表一定的电压值（或电流值）。当电压很高时，示波器的刻度难以细分。,Text,The amplitude of a voltage waveform on an oscilloscope screen can be determined by counting the number of centimeters(cm), vertically , from one peak to the other peak of the waveform and mu
15、ltiplying it by the setting of the volts/cm control. As an example , if the amplitude was 4cm and the control was set on 1v/cm, the peak-to-peak voltage would be 4v. Usually the peak-to-peak value is required to be converted to RMS, because most voltages specified in electronic maintenance and troub
16、leshooting manuals are RMS. 示波器屏幕的电压振幅可以通过峰峰值所占垂直格数乘上所设定的volts/cm 控制旋钮来确定。例如：假如振幅是4cm，控制旋钮设置在1V/cm , 则峰峰值为4V。通常峰峰值需要转换成有效值，因为大多数电子维修和故障手册所给的电压多是有效值。,Text,To sum up, if the only value of interest is voltage amplitude, use the meter because of its simplicity in readout. Use the oscilloscope when waveshape character
