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1、Zhang YingxianI dont know how many days I have been given to spend，but I do feel my hands are getting empty. My calculations show that more than eight thousand days have already slipped away from ma hands. As water drips from the point of a needle into a great sea，so my days disappear into the strea
2、m of time, soundless and traceless，the thought of which sends me into sweat and tears.What has gone is gone for ever, and what comes keeps coming. Why all the hurry between going and coming? When I get up in the morning, the sun has come in through the window and made streaks of light in my small ro
3、om. He moves soundlessly with my feet. And I simply follow his steps. Thus the day goes from the water basin when I wash the hands; from my bowl when I have meals and before my eyes when I am daydreaming. Feeling its hurry, I reach out my hands to hold it back, but it slips away through my fingers.
4、Hurriedly, it walks over my body and glides past my feet when I lie in bed at night. When I open my eyes and meet the sun again, another day has gone by. With a sigh, I bury my face in my hands. But in the sigh, a new day begins to pass by with the silently moving shadow of the sun.What can I do in
5、a bustling world with time flying quickly? I can only wander about and hurry for nothing. What is left to do besides wandering about during the eight thousand days? Those bygone days have been dispersed like smoke by a breeze or evaporated like mist by a rising sun. What traces have I left behind me
6、? And did I leave any traces at all? Shall I leave the world naked just as I came naked to this world ? it is not fair though: Why should I have made such a trip for nothing.匆匆（燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢？） 我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确
7、乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。 去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着；去来的中间，又怎样地匆匆呢？早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。太阳他有脚啊，轻轻悄悄地挪移了；我也茫茫然跟着旋转。于是洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地从我身上跨过，从我脚边飞去了。等我睁开眼和太阳再见，这算又溜走了一日。我掩着面叹息。但是新来的日子的影儿
8、又开始在叹息里闪过了。在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢？只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢？过去的日子如轻烟，被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢？我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢？我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢？但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊？（你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？）Part one About the study of translationTranslation is as old as a language itself , probably starting from
9、 thousands years ago . I t has been used as an indispensable means of mediation , a useful aid to preaching and teaching , and to the social and culture , and commercial exchanges and mutual understanding between different peoples and different countries . It has become part of human life. The trans
10、lators role is felt everywhere : not only in literature but also in such areas as science and technology , administration , foreign trade , cultural activities and tourism; not only in a particular country when translation or the oral form of it is called for , but also in such international bodies
11、as the UN and the EEC where the translating and interpreting is part of routine work . Undoubtedly the importance of translation does not seem to have received the enough attention from the academic world .It is first step to clear understanding of the following basic issues:1) Why do we need to stu
12、dy translation ?2) What is the nature of translation ?3) What are the criteria for adequate and acceptable translation?4) What are the problems which a translator ought to be able to recognize and resolve in order to produce a satisfactory translation?The 21th century has been called “ the age of tr
13、anslation” , with rapid increase of economic contact and cultural exchange between peoples , the significance of translation has been recognized by more attached to the study of translation theories and practice.What is more , at the turn of the century , the whole world has become a globe village ,
14、 in which people change their ideas and information through all kinds of means- telephones ,computers ,internet and so on ,such advanced scientific communication will improve translation and needs translation and bring it into the use of socialist construction . The Chinese translators and the exper
15、ts of translation will work hard and try their utmost to make progress in the study of translation theories and the history of translation and make some comparative study between the history of translation in China and that in the west countries.2. What is translationIf you want to study translation
16、, to study the laws of translation to improve the quality, at first you have to understand what is translation, what is the function of translation, in what circumstances translation is needed , we have to study some theories of translation.1).The process of communication of thoughtTranslation is a large activity of people in the language communication. In order to make clear about the purpose and the fun
