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1、清华在线 百度通 010-62771166 62781166工硕考研辅导：语法部分该文档有 以 下 视频课件视频网站：http:/ 掌握基本的英语语法知识，要求能在阅读、写作等过程中能够正确运用这些知识，达到获取有关信息和基本表达、交流思想的目的。具体需要掌握的内容如下：1. 名词、代词的数和格的构成形式及其用法；2. 动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法；3. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成形式及其用法；4. 常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法；5. 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成形式及其用法；6. 虚拟语气的构成及其用法；7. 各类从句的构成及其用法；8. 强调句型的结构及其
2、用法；9. 常用倒装句的结构。第一节 名 词例题:1. Mr and MrsSmith are so excited today，for they bought yesterdayAmany furnitures Bso many furnitureCquite a few furniture Da lot of furniture2have traveled in space-ships already.A. Women astronauts B. Women astronautC. Woman astronautsD. Woman astronaut3. have come up with
3、 the solutions to the problem.A. The boy student B. The boys studentC. The boy studentsC. The boys students4. Li Ying has three .A. brother-in-lawB. brothers-in-lawC. brothers-in-lawsD. brother-in-laws5. If you are frightened, tell one of.A. the grown-upB. the grown-upsC. the up-grownsD. the up-grow
4、n6. The lady over there is.A. Jane and Mary motherB. Jane and Marys motherC. Janes and Marys mother D. Janes and Mary mother7. There were more than there were seats on the plane.A. stand-byB. stands-byC. stands-bysD. stand-bys8. He needs a.A. few days restB. few days restC. little days rest D. littl
5、e days rest9. I borrowed a book ofyesterday.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. yours10. Ever since Picassos painting went on exhibit, there _ large crowds at the museum every day.A. is B. has beenC. have been D. are 第二节 代词例题1. It waswho cleaned the dorm room.A. he and IB. him and meC. he and meD. Him and I2. T
6、hese machines are better thanwe used last year.A. that B. what C. those D. which3. “May I help you with some shoes, sir?”“Yes, Id like to try on those black.”A. one B. ones C. two D. pair4. “Do you like the book Sidney gave you?”“Very much. Its exactlyI wanted.”A. one which B. the one C. one what D.
7、 one that5. “Have you found the pen you lost yesterday?”“Yes, I have found.”A. one B. it C. either D. both6. Poe and Hawthornein the development of the short story as a distinctive American genre.A. and both leaders wereB. both were leadersC. were both leadersD. who were leaders7. My parentsin this
8、evening.A. are bothB. all areC. both are D. are all8.are very clever.A. Both themB. Both of themC. The both boysD. Both of boys9. Catherine had spentmowing the lawn.A. the whole dayB. all during the dayC. altogether a dayD. entirely a day10. the girls came on the trip.A. NeitherB. Nobody of C. None
9、of D. No one of第三节 形容词和副词例题1. His salary as a driver is much higher.A. than a teacher B. than that of a teacherC. that of a teacherD. than those of a teacher2. all the poems I have read recently, Thomas Hardys The Darkling Thrust seems the most relevant to our times.A. Of B. AmongC. In D. About3. To
10、 the best of my knowledge, the climate in Arizona is better year-round .A. than any other state B. than other statesC. than in any other stateD. than is any other state4. Questioning the quality of the air they breathe becomes less important than about the next paycheck.A. having questioned B. quest
11、ioningC. to have questionedD. question5. He live in the country than in the city.A. would B. likes to C. would ratherD. had better6. The culture and customs of America are more like of England than of any other country.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. those7. Dried foods take up less room and weigh than the
12、 same food packed in cans, and they do not need to be stored in special condition.A. few B. fewerC. littleD. less8. But she would rather stay at home alone than to Janes gossip.A. to listenB. listeningC. listenD. listened9. The new method for refining aluminum was that it became practical for many p
13、urposes, one of the first of which was for making pots and pans.A. so more cheaperB. so much cheaperC. so many cheaperD. such much cheaper10. living things are linked together as intimately than bees and flowers.A. FewerB. FewC. LittleD. Less第四节 非谓语动词作定语和状语非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用。一般来说，动词
14、不定式可充当除谓语以外的其他各种成分；动名词只可作句子的主语、定语、表语、宾语和补语；分词只能作定语、表语、状语及补语。即使是作同一种成分，不同非谓语形式之间仍然存在差异。不定式作状语时，可表示目的、原因、结果和方式等；分词作状语不仅可表示原因、结果方式，还可以表示时间、条件、伴随情况及让步等。因此考生在做题时应分析状语表达的是何种意思，才能做出正确的选择。 非谓语动词的时态、语态的表达形式见下表。不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词一般时完成时进行时完成进行时to do to have doneto be doingto have been doingdoinghaving donehaving been doingbeing donehaving
