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1、UNIT 10 Digital Electronic Systems,10.1 Text The Binary Numbering System 二进制编码系统,New Words radix reidiks n. 基数，底数 predecessor pri:dises n. 前者 contraction kntrkn n. 缩写 saturated streitid a. 饱和的 energize endaiz v. 给通电 cutoff kt,:f a. 截止的，未通电的 de-energized diendaizd a. 失电的,Notes the binary numbering sy
2、stem 二进制系统 the octal numbering system 八进制系统 the decimal numbering system 十进制系统 the hexadecimal numbering system 十六进制系统 binary coded decimal number 二进制码,Exercises 1. Answer the following questions. If we need to represent a number larger than 9, additional columns of digits will be needed. We multipl
3、y the base and the unit value of the previous column. The binary system is more convenient. We need more than one column of digits. In the binary system, a columns unit value is the number 2 times its predecessor. Each position can take on two values. They are 0 or 1. 15. 1 can be represented by a s
4、aturated transistor, a light turned on, a relay energized. 0 can be represented by cut-off transistor, a turned off light, a de-energized relay. This binary number 1011011 consists of 126+025+124+123+022+121+120, or 91 in decimal. The two operational states of an electronic device can be considered
5、as natural conditions. These conditions can be used to represent binary digits: 1 and 0.,Exercises (continue) 2. Write the definitions of the following things . a digital system a base (or radix) a bit A digital system is a device that employs a numerical signal in its operation. A base (or radix) i
6、s the number of discrete digits that are used repeatedly in a numbering system to achieve counting. A bit is a position which is the contraction of the words binary digit in binary system. Each position can take on only two values: 0 and 1.,10.2 Reading and Translation Basic Binary Logic Functions 基
7、本二进制逻辑函数,New Words superior sju:piri a. 较好的；优越的，优良的 octal ktl a. 八进制的 hexadecimal ,heksdesiml a. 十六进制的 bistable baisteibl a. 双稳态的 function fkn n. 函数；功能 truth tru: n. 真值 dash d n. 仪表板 panel pnl n. 面板,Notes addition n. 加法 subtraction n. 减法 multiplication n. 乘法 division n. 除法 AND gate 与门 OR gate 或门 NOT
8、 gate 非门,斜体部分参考译文: By employing a number of these devices, it is possible to build an electronic circuit that will make decisions based on the applied input signals. The output of this circuit is therefore a decision based on the operational conditions of the input. 利用一定数量的这类器件，可以构建根据外加输入信号做决策的电子电路。
9、因此，这种电路的输出是基于输入运行状态的决策。 Any bistable circuit that is used to make a series of decisions based on two-state input conditions is called a binary logic circuit. Three basic circuits of this type have been developed to make simple logic decisions: the AND circuit, the OR circuit, and the NOT circuit. 任何
10、用于根据双态输入条件做出一系列决策的双稳电路称为二进制逻辑电路。已经开发出来的、能够做出简单逻辑决策的基本电路有三个：AND电路、OR电路和NOT电路。 Electronic circuits designed to perform specific logic functions are commonly called gates. This term refers to the capability of a circuit to pass or block specific digital signals. A simple if-then type of sentence is oft
11、en used to describe the basic operation of a logic gate. 设计用来执行特定的逻辑功能的电子电路通常被称为门（gate）。这个术语是指一个电路通过或阻止特定数字信号的能力。简单的if-then（如果-那么）型语句常被用来描述逻辑门的基本操作。,斜体部分参考译文(续): Mathematically, a NOT gate inverts or complements a number. This is expressed in words as an A input causing the output not to be A. This
12、is expressed in equation form as =B. Applications of the NOT function are rather apparent when used in logic combination. 数学上，非门是对数字求反或求补，可表示成A输入使输出为非A。用方程表示为=B。当用于逻辑组合时，NOT函数的用途相当明显。,10.3 Further Reading Flip-flops 触发器,New Words flip-flop flipflp n. 触发器 coincidence kuinsidns n. 巧合 toggle tl n. 翻转,1
13、. 引言段。文章的引言段（introductory paragraph）必须指出文章的主题，使推展段有所遵循。 2. 结论段。文章的结尾也是写作成败的关键。结尾段(concluding paragraph)须遵循其前面各段所述的内容，自然顺势，不可太突然，否则读者不易接受。 3. 段与段的连接。在一篇文章里，每个段落并不是独立的，段与段之间只有相互关联，整篇文章才能连贯。,10.4 General Knowledge 文章的基本组成 文章与段落的构造非常相似，见图10-8和图9-6。段落就像一篇迷你短文（mini-composition），将段落组织放大，就成了一篇文章。但是一篇文章的开头（引言段）和结尾（结论段），比段落的主旨句和结尾句复杂一些。引言段和结论段的内容与整篇文章的主题有关，故不一定有主旨句和结尾句。,课后作业 P.92，Exercise 3,
