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1、HOW TO. LEARN ENGLISH GRAMMAR This month, SEVEN top tips to help you learn English grammar. 语法很重要，但学生不爱学。为什么？其实学英语，应该多想，想透，贯通！一切就会很容易了。就像本期我们将要教您的7个小妙招，语法将变得so easy！Grammar = the ways that words are put together in order to make sentences. 1. Perspective The first thing to do is to put grammar into
2、perspective. Grammar alone isnt going to help you learn a language. In order for language development to take place, you need to read and listen a lot. Think about children C they never sit down to learn grammar. Theyre exposed to lots of language and then pick it up naturally. You can do the same i
3、f you listen and read enough! In fact, the more you read and listen, the more language youll absorb, and the more youll see how the language fits together (which is what grammar is all about). 2. Psychological You also need to remember that grammar is largely psychological. This means that the choic
4、e of tense often depends on what you (the speaker) want to say in a particular situation at a particular time C the choice of tense is not determined by some external “rule”. So, the selection of either will or be + going to, or must or have to, or the Present Perfect or Past Simple, and all those o
5、ther grammar structures that are often compared, will depend mostly on what you want to say. 3. Freedom! You also need to bear in mind that English is a dynamic language thats constantly evolving. Theres no linguistic organisation regulating it (as there is for French or Spanish). So, the concept of
6、 “right” and “wrong” doesnt really exist C its more a question of what is (or is not) standard English. But as theres no universal concept of standard English, and there are hundreds of varieties of the language (Australian English, British English, American English, Jamaican English, South African
7、English. and so on), and all of them are equally valid, it all gets a bit complicated. In many cases it isnt a question of whats “right” or “wrong”, but whats accepted (or not) as standard in a particular part of the world. For example, in some places, its acceptable to say, “He dont like it!” sic4.
8、 Its easy!English grammar isnt really that complicated. And there are a limited number of tenses that you need to learn (please refer to our “English Grammar Tenses” box). The rest of “English” consists of thousands of important words and expressions (each with their own “grammar”). If grammar is st
9、arting to sound overly complex or hard to grasp, youre probably going into too much detail. Learning how and when to use the tenses is a lot more difficult, and this is where your teacher or a good grammar book can help. There are often useful guidelines (albeit with a lot of exceptions) that can he
10、lp you understand when the tenses are used. But real learning will take place from repeated exposure to the language through reading and listening, and seeing the structures in action for yourself. 5. Verb tables So, what can you do to “learn” English grammar? One thing is to memorise key verb table
11、s. This can be done through the “look, cover, write, check” formula. Simply choose a verb table (the Past Simple, for example), look at it for a few minutes, then cover it and try to write it out again. Finally, compare your version with the original. then do it again until you can recreate the tabl
12、e perfectly. Then, choose another tense to work on. It shouldnt take long as there really arent that many key grammar tenses to learn. 6. Memory & repetition You also need to memorise key grammatical sentences. Listen and repeat these back to yourself until youve learnt them by heart and you can say
13、 them fluently. The sentences may be out of context, and they may not be entirely natural, but that doesnt matter because the purpose is to internalise the basic structure, which you can then use in the future to generate other sentences with the same structure. For example, if you learn this senten
14、ce, “Keira lives in America, you can then use it to generate hundreds of other sentences, just by replacing the subject (“Keira”), the verb (“lives”) and the complement (“in America”). For example: a) Mike studies in Brighton. b) Sara works in accounts. 7. Drills Another thing you need to do is to b
15、uild up your agility with the verb tenses. Do grammar drills on your own, with a friend or with your teacher to develop fluency. For example, say a sentence in a particular tense, then create the negative or question forms that correspond to it: “She went to the shops. / She didnt go to the shops. /
16、 Did she go to the shops?” Keep doing this until you can do it automatically and without thinking. Then, when youre in a conversation, youll find the tenses (and affirmative, negative or interrogative forms) come to you much more easily. To summarise: read and listen a lot, learn the verb tables, memorise key grammatical sentences, practise forming negatives and question forms and, above all, rem
