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1、Non-restrictive attributive clauses,Unit 5 Grammar and usage,Because you loved me,Leading in,为了你更正的所有错误,为了你使之成真的每一个梦想,为了你给我的全部的爱,For all those times you stood by me For all the truth_ you made me see For all the joy you brought to my life For all the wrong _ you made right For every dream you made c
2、ome true For all the love I found in you Ill be forever thankful baby Youre the one _ held me up Never let me fall Youre the one _ saw me through Through it all,who,who,为了无数次你的支持,为了所有你让我明白的真理,为了你带给我的无穷欢乐,是你让我振作起来,是你伴我度过,that,that,The girl has a bag, which is red . The girl has a bag which is red.,非限
3、制性定语从句,限制性定语从句,这个女孩有一个包，是红色的。（隐含的意义：只有一个）,Discovering,这个女孩有一个红色的包。(隐含的意义：也许还有其他颜色的包),Jim doesnt like to ask questions which make his teacher angry. Jim doesnt like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry.,限制性定语从句,吉姆不喜欢问使老师生气的问题。（which修饰questions）,非限制性定语从句,吉姆不喜欢问问题，这让老师很生气。（which修饰前面的整个句子）,Xi
4、an is a very beautiful city (which) I visited last year. Xian, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.,关系词不可省略,不用逗号,用逗号,去掉后句意不完整,去掉后，句意完整,修饰限制 只可修饰先行词,补充说明 可修饰先行词或主句,译为“的”,可译为并列句,所有关系词都可以引导，作宾语时可以省略,关系词中that , why 不可引导且不可省略,Comparing,非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系,主语,主语 宾语,定语,宾语,指代整个主句,关系副词(where, when)的指
5、代关系,时间状语,地点状语,that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。,tip,介词+which,有一个美丽的小女孩，她的名字叫做小薇。 There is a pretty girl whose name is Xiaowei. 遥远的东方有一条江，它的名字就叫长江。 In the distant East, there is a river whose name is Yangtze River. 你说我像云，捉摸不定。 You said I was like a cloud， which is hard to understand.,Translate the lyrics into
6、 English,2019/5/2,非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如： a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。,2019/5/2,b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London. 昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。
7、,c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed. 他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。,2019/5/2,1. A.This is the place where I lived ten years ago. B. The school,where I once studied,was built thirty years ago. 2. A.He is a man who I can ask for help. B.His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday,限
8、制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。,2019/5/2,Fill in the blanks with proper relative words. 1.The famous basketball star, _is an American,came to China yesterday. 2.In those days,she used to go to Mr black,with _she had a wonderful time. 3.I bought a car yesterday,_ cos
9、t me a lot. 4.Xian, _I visited last year, is a nice old city. 5.He will come to see me next July, _ he wont be so busy. 6.The school,_I once studied,was built thirty years ago. 7.John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true.,who,whom,which,which,when,where,which,2019/5/2,大多数限制性和非限
10、制性定语从句的先行词 往往为某一个词或短语, 而有时非限制性 定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非 限制性定语从句常由which引导。 eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫, 这事令我十分恐惧。,eg. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present. 一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语, 令所有在场 的人感到非常惊讶。,201
11、9/5/2,He told me a story, which is already known to all. He came late, which made the teacher angry. He missed the movie, which was a great pity.,品读规律,Tom found the ancient book, which was broken.,As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO in the field.,I like the house, whose windows face
12、 the sea.,先行词指物, 在从句中做主或宾语, 用关系词which, 不能用that,As引导的非限制性定语从句, 可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。,先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词whose,The sun rises in the east, as everyone knows.,2019/5/2,介词+关系代词, 介词的选用, 要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。,People will remember August 8th,2008, when 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing.,先行词在从句中做时间状语, 用when或介词+which。,
13、Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends.,2019/5/2,As 在引导非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个主句内容，并有“正如、像一样”的含义，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，且无“正如”之意。 As we all know, he is a famous scientist. As is well known to all, Taiwan is a part of China. 试比较下面两个句子。,He went abroad, _was exp
14、ected. He went abroad, _was unexpected.,as,which,当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which引导。,2019/5/2,常与as连用的词有 know, see, expect, point out 等。 as 引导的非限制性定语从句一些固定句型： as has been said before如上所述 ; as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样 ; as is well known众所周知 ; as was expected正如预料的那样; as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那
15、样 ; as we all can see 正如我们都会看到的那样,Practice (高考题）,1._ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 2.He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which is B. where is C. who is D. that is 3. I shall never forget tho
16、se years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D.when; who,B,A,B,4. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this 5I have many friends ,_ some are businessmen Aof them
