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1、虚拟语气,Definition,陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。,The fish is not alive without water.,虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。,1. 虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,if引导的虚拟条件句,区别:,I
2、f it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气,If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气,If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形,If I were you, I would try it again.,1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
3、,If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）,If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。,If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.,2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。,与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语),If he came here tomorrow, I would tell hi
4、m about it.,If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.,1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.,2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.,If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/ could/might +动词原形,If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office.,A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; shou
5、ld D. comes; might,If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.,A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived,If he _he _that food.,Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.,A. was warned; would not have taken B. had been warned; would not
6、have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken,I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.,A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from going .,A. had been; would have prevented B.
7、 had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented,倒装的If虚拟句,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,If I wer
8、e you, I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,_the exam, he would have attend a college.,A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass,_five minutes earlier, you could have seen them
9、off.,A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive,_it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.,A. Were B. should C. would D. will,wish引导的虚拟句,I wish I remembered the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,How I wish he had not left.,要是他没有离开这里
10、就好了。（他已离开）,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,wish + that How I wish If only,did/were 现在,had done 过去,would / might /would do 将来,5. If only (1) 要是就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!,要是我们
11、的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,要是我没错过火车就好了.,Exercises:,“ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.”,A. had B. did C. have D. will,I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _there.,A. was B. were C. had been D. went,I
12、wish I _ you yesterday.,A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see,-He is a brave man. -Yes, I wish I _his courage.,A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have,Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _me how.,A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teac
13、h,The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _to it.,A. hadnt gone B. havent gone C. didnt go D. could not have gone,How I wish I _that! Everybody present was angry with me.,A. didnt go B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doing,as if /though,区别：,He speaks English as if/ though he is from th
14、e USA. 陈述语气,He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA. 虚拟语气,2. as if /though + Clause,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were(现在),had done(过去),She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks as if he had been to the United States.,would+动词原形(将来),虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood,退一步 海阔天空,even if/ though, wish
15、, if only等从句的虚拟与它相同。,名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词,如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。,If I were you, I would have taken his advice.,从句表示现在，主句表示过去,如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。,从句表示过去，主句表示现在,如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。,从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行,If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.,If it hadnt been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.,注意: 主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。,If you had followed my a
