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1、Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood,subjunctive mood,Grammar,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿
2、望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,虚拟语气的主要内容,一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气 时态一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句 3.倒装句 4.含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹 二、名词性从句的虚拟语气： 宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式 wish、as if/though、would rather、Its time Its necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从句,Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?,If I am free,
3、 I will visit you.,If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky.,（虚拟条件句）,(真实条件句）,If I won the game, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）,If he had got up early,he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）,如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。,假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看见我, 就会
4、认识我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant 2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would ha
5、ve been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able,B,C,A,二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三条建议：advise, suggest, propose 四项要求：demand , require, request, ask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。
6、即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。 2.他坚决要求我到场。 3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,1.We suggested that Tom,2.He insisted that I present.,4.They requested that we,3.The king ordered that the prisoners,should have a rest.,(should) be,Should be killed,the next day.,should send them,to
7、work there.,三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish + 宾语从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),would/could/might+V. should,I wish I were a bird. (现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来),I wish I _a bird.,were,I wish every day _my birthday.,were,I wish/wished
8、 I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.,hadnt eaten,2）would rather that -,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather you _(pay) me now. (现在),I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (过去),Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,paid me,had gone,came,3） as if /though + 从句,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,Th
9、ey talked as if they had been friends for years.,She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring.,4).Its （high） time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you . Its high time that you .,Its time that we . Its time that we to bed.,went,should go,went to b
10、ed,should go,5）If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 从句中的动词要用虚
11、拟，即(should)+动词原形,1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 3. Its necessary that we should study hard.,四.错综时间的虚拟句 通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.,1. If I were you, I would have taken h
12、is advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。,2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。,五. without, but for，or和otherwise 构成含蓄虚拟条件句。 but for要不是，or否则（含蓄条件句） 1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life on our planet. 2.）But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.
13、3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词) 4.）He telephoned to inform me of your birthday , or I would have known nothing about it .(连词),1 .The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained,B,精选习题,2. What would have hap
14、pened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. If Bob had walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,C,精选习题,3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,C,.,4 - Do you
15、 mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt 5. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we went,B,D,flash,6.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 7.The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could,8. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go,9. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill . A
