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1、Chapter 20,Viruses Associated with Respiratory Infections,呼吸道感染病毒,Categories of respiratory viruses,Myxovirus orthomyxovirus paramyxoviruses SARS coronavirus(SARS Cov) Other respiratory viruses,(influenza virus),(measles virus,so.on.),p257, orthomyxovirus(正粘病毒) pathogen of influenza,Influenza Virus,
2、流行性感冒病毒,Outline,Biological Properties Pathogenicity and Immunity Laboratory Diagnosis Prophylaxis and Treatment,1.Shape and structure, Structure,d=80-120 nm,spherical, Shape,segmented ssRNA Nucleoprotein(NP) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,Viral core, matrix protein (M1) lipid bilayer,(nucleocapsid),Vi
3、ral envelope,(易发生基因重组),(具型特异性, Ag性稳定),(具型特异性, Ag性稳定),HA and NA 病毒的表面抗原 具亚型特异性 Ag性不稳而易变,membrane protein(M2) spikes,.Biological Properties,1,2,4,3,5,6,7,8,RNA,NA,HA,RNPi.e. nucleocapsid,NP,segmented ssRNA,Structure of influenza virus,M1,M2,lipid bilayer,PB2,PB1,PA,(negative sense, 8 or 7 segments),RN
4、A-dependent RNA polymerase,viral core,Viral envelope,matrix protein,Viral core - helical nucleocapsid,(RNA+ NP = RNP),structure of virion,Viral envelope,(MP+lipid bilayer+spike),Spikes, glycoprotein surface antigen of virus 2 types: HA and NA,* subtype-specific * labile and variable in antigenicity,
5、* Hemagglutinin (HA) * Neuraminidase (NA),HA1, HA2 function,function,凝集红细胞 吸附宿主细胞具有抗原性,参与病毒释放 促进病毒扩散 具有抗原性,2.Typing and Variation,Typing type: A,B,C subtypes:H1H15 and N1N9 Labile and much variable in antigenicity of HA and NA Form of variation, antigenic drift median or small epidemic of influenza
6、antigenic shift pandemic of influenza,(point mutationvariant),(reassortmentform new subtype),3.Cultivation,Embryonated eggs inoculation Tissue culture,.Pathogenicity & Immunity,1.Pathogenicity,route of transmission influenza and complication,anti-HA (SIgA important) specific CMI (CD4+T/CD8+T cell) s
7、ubtype-specific immunity,2.Immunity,.Laboratory Diagnosis,1.Isolation of viruses 2.Detection of antibody (hemagglutination inhibition test) 3.Quick diagnosis (Immunolabelling technique,PCR),Hemagglutination inhibition test,a.virus+RBCagglutination of RBC,(hemagglutination),b.(virus+serum)+RBC,absenc
8、e of agglutination,(hemagglutination inhibition),HA,receptoe,早,晚期血清,.Principle of Prophylaxis and Therapy,Paramyxovirus (副粘病毒),Inclusion: measles virus, mumps virus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) Differ from orthomyxoviruses,larger diameter different spikes (HN, H, G and
9、F protein) nonsegmented ss-RNA obvious CPE,d=150-300nm,(融合细胞与包涵体),1.Biological properties,Spikes: HA and HL (haemolysin) Nonsegmented ss-RNA (negative sense) Single serotype Typical CPE in cell culture,Measles Virus,麻疹病毒,HA-凝集猴红细胞,与受体结合; HL-溶血和融合作用,(spherical,enveloped virus),2.Pathogenicity and imm
10、unity, Pathogenicity, feature of infection pathogen of measles complication,(viral receptor-CD46 ),(pneumonnia, encephalitis and SSPE),(lifelong immunity), Immunity, Specific provention,Artificial active immunity (live attenuated vaccine or MMR) Artificial passive immunity, Laboratory diagnosis,Sing
11、le serotype Mumps & complications lifelong immunity Artificial active immunity,(live attenuated vaccine , MMR),(pathogen of mumps),Mumps Virus,腮腺炎病毒,5 types Causes of croup (type 1,2) Also cause pneumonia in children and common cold in adults,Parainfluenza Viruses,副流感病毒,哮吼-急性喉气管支气管炎,Spike: G and F p
12、rotein Pathogenicity cause bronchiolitis, pneumonia in infants cause common cold in adults and young children important pathogen of hospital infection,Respiratory Syncytial Virus,呼吸道合胞病毒,(RSV),(SARS Cov),-pathogen of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS),1.Shape and structure 2.Pathogenicity and i
13、mmunity,d=60220nm, +ss-RNA，enveloped virus and spike, source of infection route of transmission cause SARS immunity,patient,近距离飞沫传播为主 有家庭和医院明显聚集现象,3.Diognosis and prophylaxis,SARS coronavirus,SARS 冠状病毒,Other Respiratory Viruses,1.Adenovirus, naked virus with ds-DNA and cubic nucleocapsid typical CPE and pathogenicity,2.Rubella virus, single antigen type cause rubella and congenital rubella syndrome,(MMR),3.Rhinovirus,114 type The most important pathogen of common cold,(p207表:呼吸道感染、眼部感染、腹泻等),
