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1、【The History of English in Ten Minutes】No.1 Anglo-SaxonThe History of English in Ten Minutes. Chapter 1. Anglo-Saxon or whatever happen to the Jutes.The English language begins with the phrase Up Yours Caesar! as the Romans leave Britain and a lot of Germanic tribes start flooding in, tribes such as
2、 the Angles and the Saxons who together gave us the term Anglo-Saxon, and the Jutes who didnt.The Romans left some very straight roads behind, but not much of their Latin language. The Anglo-Saxon vocab was much more useful as it was mainly words for simple everyday things like house, woman, loaf an
3、d werewolf.Four of our days of the week - Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday were named in honour of Anglo-Saxon gods, but they didnt bother with Saturday, Sunday and Monday as they had all gone off for a long weekend. While they were away, Christian missionaries stole in bringing with them lea
4、flets about jumble sales and more Latin. Christianity was a hit with the locals and made them much happier to take on funky new words like martyr, bishop and font.Along came the Vikings, with their action-man words like drag, ransack, thrust and die, and a love of pickled herring. They may have rape
5、d and pillaged but there were also into give and take two of around 2000 words that they gave English, as well as the phrase watch out for that man with the enormous axe.【The History of English in Ten Minutes】No.2 The Norman ConquestThe History of English in Ten Minutes. Chapter Two, The Norman Conq
6、uest or Excuse My English.1066. True to his name, William the Conqueror invades England, bringing new concepts from across the channel, like the French language, the Doomsday Book and the duty-free Galoiss multipack.French was de rigueur for all official business, with words like judge, jury, eviden
7、ce and justice coming in and giving John Grishams career a kick-start. Latin was still used ad nauseam in church, but the common man spoke English, able to communicate only by speaking more slowly and loudly until the others understood him. Words like cow, sheep and swine come from the English-speak
8、ing farmers. While the a la carte versions beef, mutton and pork come from the French-speaking toffs, beginning a long-running trend of restaurants having completely indecipherable menus. All in all, the English absorbed about 10,000 new words from the Normans, though they still couldnt grasp the ru
9、les of cheek kissing. The bon-ami all ended when the English nation took their new warlike lingo of armies, navies and soldiers and began the Hundred Years War against France. It actually lasted 116 years but by that point, no one could count any higher in French and English took over as the languag
10、e of power.【The History of English in Ten Minutes】No.3 ShakespeareThe history of English in ten minutes. Chapter three, Shakespeare, or a plaque on both his houses.As the dictionary tells us about 2,000 new words and phrases were invented by William Shakespeare. He gave us handy words like eyeball,
11、puppydog and anchovy and more show-offy words like dauntless, besmirch and lacklustre. He came up with the word alligator soon after he ran out of the things to rhyme with crocodile. And the nation of tea drinkers finally took into their hearts when he invented the hob-nob. Shakespeare knew the powe
12、r of catchphrases as well as biscuits. Without him, we would never eat our flesh and blood out of house and home. We would have to say good riddance to the green-eyed monster and breaking the ice would be as dead as a doornail.If you tried to get your moneys worth, youd be given short shrift and any
13、one who laid it on with a trowel could be hoised with his own petard. Of course its possible other people used these words first. But the dictionary writers like looking them up in Shakespeare because there was more cross dressing and people poking each others eyes out. Shakespeares poetry showed th
14、e world that English was a rich vibrant language with limitless expressive and emotional power and he still had time to open all those tea rooms in Stratford.【The History of English in Ten Minutes】No.4 The King James BibleThe History of English in Ten Minutes. Chapter four. The King James Bible or l
15、ight there be.In 1611 the powers that be turned the world upside down with a labour of love a new translation of the bible. A team of scribes with the wisdom of Solomon - went the extra mile to make King Jamess translation all things to all men, whether from their hearts desire to fight the good fig
16、ht or just for the filthy lucre. This sexy new Bible went from strength to strength, getting to the root of the matter in a language even the salt of the earth could understand. The writing wasnt on the wall, it was in handy little books and with fire and brimstone preachers reading from it in every church, its words and phrases took root to the
