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1、高三英语时态讲座,平罗中学 孙会清2011.10,一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite Tense) 现在进行时 (The Present Continuous Tense) 一般将来时 (The Future Indefinite Tense) 现在完成时 (The Present Perfect Tense) 一般过去时 (The Past Indefinite Tense) 过去进行时 (The Past Continuous Tense) 过去将来时 (The Past Future Tense) 过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense),1
2、.The sun rises in the east. 2.They are playing video games at the moment. 3.I have been in Beijing for half a year. 4.What were you doing at 4 yesterday afternoon?,(一般现在时),(现在进行时),(现在完成时),（过去进行时）,Make out what tenses they are.,5.By the time he was nine, he had spoken English very fluently. 6.She was
3、 sure she would make great progress in the future. 7. He will tell you something interesting. 8.The musician had a very nice piano in 1980.,(过去完成时),（过去将来时）,(一般将来时),（一般过去时）,Now lets analyze each tense.,一、一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite Tense),1、用法:,（1）表示经常反复发生的动作 Father often _( go) to work on foot.,g
4、oes,（2）表示现在的状态或主语的特征 He _(be) busy at the moment.,is,（3）表示客观真理、谚语等 Trains _(run) faster than cars.,run,（4）用于时间或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。 We will go to the park if it _(not rain) tomorrow. We will leave for home as soon as the meeting _(be) over tomorrow.,2、 句子基本结构 ：,肯定句：S (主语)+动词原形 + 否定句: S +dont/doesnt
5、 + 动词原形 + 疑问句：Do/does+S + 动词原形 +?,doesnt rain,is,3、常与下列时间状语连用:,通常与表示频度（即动作发生的次数多少） 意义的副词或词组连用. For example: always, often, usually, seldom, never, every day, from time to time, now and then（偶而）, once a month, twice a year, at the moment, generally, etc,二、现在进行时 (The Present Continuous Tense),1、用法：,（1
6、）表示说话时正在进行的动作。 The dog _(run) after a cat now.,is running,（2）表示一阶段正在进行的动作（但说话时不一定进行） They_(build) the restaurant these days.,are building,2、常用时间状语：,now, at the moment, these years, etc.,3、句子基本结构：,肯定句：S+ am /is/ are +动词现在分词doing+ 否定句：S+ am /is/are+ not +动词现在分词doing+ 疑问句：Am/is /are+ S+动词现在分词doing+?,4、
7、须注意的问题：,某些表示感官知觉与心理状态的动词一般不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时。 For example: see ,hear, smell, taste,think, like,hate, want, know, have, wish, etc. He wants to visit his grandfather now.,三、一般将来时 (The Future Indefinite Tense),1、用法：,表示将来某个时刻将要发生的 动作或存在的状态。 They _(fly) to Japan the day after tomorrow.,will fly,2、常与下列时间状语连用
8、：,tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, next year,this week, this coming Saturday, tonight, in an hour, soon, etc.,3、句子基本结构：,肯定句：,S +will/be going to + 动词原形+,否定句:,S +will /be going to +not+ 动词原形+,疑问句:,will/ +S+ 动词原形? Am/Is/Are+S+going to+动词原形?,be going to 结构表示 事先打算，有意图要发生的动作或客观情况 下即将要发生的动作。,F
9、or example: Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.,Miss Green _(come) to the party next Sunday.,is coming,(2) Look! The old man _(die). We must send him to the hospital at once.,is dying,4、须注意的问题： 有些表示位置移动或状态改变的动词 （go, come, leave, arrive, die 等等）,可以用它 们的进行时来表示即将发生的动作。,四、现在完成时 (The Present Perfect
10、 Tense),1、用法：,1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,(1)They_(buy) a new house. （影响是他们有新房子住了）,have bought,(2) She_ (lose) her ring. （影响是她现在没有戒子）,has lost,2)表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态, 常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点或从句”连用。,have learned,(2) They_ (stay) in this hotel since last Tuesday.,have stayed,(1) We_ (learn) English for seven
11、years.,2、常与这些时间状语连用:,already, never, ever, yet, before, twice,this month, so far, up to now, in the past/last few years,since ,for,etc.,肯定句:,S + have/has+动词过去分词done+,否定句:,S + havent/hasnt+动词过去分词done+,疑问句:,Have/has + S +动词过去分词done+,3、句子基本结构：,4、注意的问题:,1）have/has been to 与have/has gone to 区别: have/has
12、been to 表示“曾到过某地”，说明有过某种经历。 Have/has gone to 表示“已去某地”，在途中或已到目的地。,(1) She _Qindao（她已去青岛了）,has gone to,(2) I _Canada（我去过加拿大）,have been to,2）瞬间动词与延续性动词的区别：,瞬问动词表示短暂不能持续一段时间的动作。 如come, go, leave, start, begin, buy, become, die等,而持续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作。 如work, stay, live, learn 等,Tell the following sentences
13、true or false. I have bought the calculator for a week. ( ) (2)I have had the calculator for a week. ( ),F,T,第一句动词buy 属于瞬间动词，瞬间动词不能 与“for + 时间段”、“since + 时间点或从句”连用， 如果要用，必须将瞬间动词改成持续性动词。,leave die buy put on borrow become be away be dead have wear keep be a,join the army fall ill catch a cold go out
14、be in the army be ill have a cold be out finish/end arrive here begin/start be over be here be on,3）since引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词通常 用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。,We_(stay) in this school since we _ (come) to the city.,have stayed,came,4）句型：It is +时间段+ since +瞬间动词过去式，自从,It is six weeks since they came here.,5）现在完成时与一般过去时区别
15、:,一般过去时表示过去的动作和状态，和现 在不发生联系,着眼于过去,属于过去时态范畴, 一般过去时与过去时间状语连用。,现在完成时尽管动作也发生在过去，但强调对现在的影响与结果，着眼于现在，属于现在时态范畴，现在完成时与表示到现在为止的 时间状语连用。,五、一般过去时 (The Past Indefinite Tense),1、用法： 1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。,I _(go) to visit a friend of mine yesterday afternoon.,went,(2) He_ (be) a soldier three years ago.,was,2）表示过去经常反复发生的动作。,She often_ (ride)a bike for half an hour every morning when she was young.,rode,She used to ride a bike for half an hour every morning when she was young.,yesterday, last week, just now, two weeks
