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1、形容词和副词 比较级和最高级,河南省商城县观庙一中 穆正东,一形容词,1.掌握下列名词和形容词的转化 sun - sunny friend friendly care - careful wind - windy rain - rainy use - useful cloud- cloudy,2.表语形容词： afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的 ashamed 羞愧的 asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的 fine 健康的 ill有病的,3.以ly结尾的形容词： 1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，l
2、ikely，lively， ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，early， early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.,4、形容词的用法,副词的分类 时间副词 now,before, lately, tonight 地点副词 here, there, somewhere 频率副词 always, often, usually, seldom 程度副词 very, rather, quite, enough 方式副词
3、 quickly, carefully, calmly 方向副词 forward, backward 疑问副词 when, where, how, why 连接副词 when, where, why ,how,副词的构成 有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成,如: strong - strongly real - really 词尾是y的要把y变为i再加 ly, busy - busily happy - happily 以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, true - truly terrible-te
4、rribly,副词的用法 1.主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可以修饰介词短语和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修饰动词) He has been extremely busy these days.(修饰形容词) 2.也可以用作表语或定语,作定语时通常后置. The girl there is my sister.(作定语) Is your brother in ?(作表语) 3.有些副词(rather、quite等)通常可以防在名词前用于加强语气.,规则变化,1.单音节和少数双音节单词，一般在词尾加“er”或“est”。 clean,
5、tall, small, cheap , short, long, light, high 2. 以不发音字母“e”结尾的单词，直接在词尾加 “r”或“st”。 nice, late, close, fine, large, free, rude,以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这一辅音字母，再加“er”或“est”。 fat, big, red, thin, hot, fat, sad, wet 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，应先改“y”为“i”，在加“er”或“est”。 happy , easy, heavy, healthy, busy, lucky, pret
6、ty, sunny, funny,5. 其他双音节单词和多音节单词，都在其前面加“more”或“most”。(beautiful, interesting) 6. 不规则变化。 记忆口诀： 合二为一共三对，“坏bad”,“病ill”,两多many/much”和“两好good/well”， 一分为二只两个，一是“远far”来二是“老old”， 还有一词little含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。,Read and compare :,young long full short small old fine easy hungry early heavy big red,younger young
7、est,longer longest,fuller fullest,shorter shortest,smaller smallest,older oldest,finer finest,easier easiest,hungrier hungriest,earlier earliest,heavier heaviest,bigger biggest,redder reddest,healthy many famous ill exciting carefully wet hot little few,healthier healthiest,more most,more famous mos
8、t famous,worse worst,more exciting most exciting,more carefully most carefully,wetter wettest,hotter hottest,less least,fewer fewest,不规则变化,形容词副词原级用法: * 1. as+adj/ adv.的原级+ as (肯,否) , (not)soas (否) eg. The ruler is as long as that one. He sings as well as Jack. He doesnt sing as(so) well as Jack. 2.
9、as much as, as many as 与一样多 eg. I have done as much work as he did yesterday. You can take as many books as you can.,形容词副词比较级的用法,1、比较级+than,She is fatter than he.,He is thinner than she.,2、比较级+and+比较级 越来越,In spring, the days are getting longer and longer. His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.
10、These days more and more people are learning English. I find the price of house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.,3、表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which/Who + 比较级，or?”,Which is longer, this one or that? Who is taller, Mary or Jane?,形容词和副词的比较级其它用法 1表示倍数的三个句型： (1)times as形容词原级
11、as. This table is 3 times as big as that one. (2)times the性质名词of. This table is 3 times the size of that one. (3)times形容词比较级than. This table is 2 times bigger than that one. 2同程度级的比较，用as.as，the same as，such.as引导： Henry does not have so/as many books as I have. 亨利不如我的书多。,3the比较级，the比较级 The more you t
12、alked，the less attention he paid to you. 你说得越多，他越不注意你。 4the比较级of the two名词：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。 5一个人的两种品质的比较，用more.than结构： I think shes more shy than unfriendly. 与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。 6否定比较级最高级 There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his f
13、riends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。,7比较的对象不能相互包容，注意： 比较级+than+,The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States. 密西西比河是美国最长的河。 8比较级的修饰语常见的有： much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot， a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们比以前学
14、习更努力了。,any other+单数 the other+复数/the others,8比较的对象应该相同。 The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world. 中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。 China has a larger population than any other country in the world. 9.no比较级than的特殊含义 A is no more careful than BA和B两人都不仔细。 A is no less careful th
15、an BA和B两人都很仔细。,形容词副词最高级的用法,1、the 最高级+of (in),Hong Jinbao,Zheng Zeshi,Nutty,Zheng is fatter than Hong.,Nutty is the fattest of the three.,Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.,The cake is the most delicious of all.,2、副词的最高级前（the) 可以省略,Tom runs fast. Jill runs faster. Bob runs fastest.,Tom comes to school late. Jill comes to school later. Bob comes to school latest.,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,
