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1、1 精编优选练(十一) “语法填空短文改错”组合练 11(限时：30 分钟) 题组一 .语法填空 Harvard is older than the United States. In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1._ (found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could 2._ (well) build the new home. Thus, it was established in 1636 by vo
2、te of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Like many other 3._ (university) at that time, the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis. The school board often had to go to Europe to raise 4._ (donate), but as you can predict, they often came back 5._ their h
3、ands empty. In 1638, John Harvard, pastor of Charlestown, passed away. He left his library and half his estate to the institution, 6._ were the biggest donation ever since its establishment. Therefore, the university was named after his name. Today, you can find a statue of John Harvard 7._ (stand)
4、in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard, and it is perhaps the Universitys best 8._ (know) landmark. Like other world famous universities, Harvard also has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one of them. There is 9._ saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American educati
5、on 10._ Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠久，是当时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而 建立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。 1解析：考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语 a university 和动词 found 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态； suggest 表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)动词原形。 答案：be founded 2解析：考查副词的比较级。十七世纪三十年代早期，一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提
6、高他们后代 的素质，这样他们就能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地” ，故用副词比较级。 答案：better 2 3解析：考查名词的复数形式。和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。 university 为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学” ，故该处用复数形式。 答案：universities 4解析：考查名词。学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款，但正如你所能预测的，他们经常空手而 归。根据该句中的及物动词 raise 可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。 答案：donation(s) 5解析：考查介词。with 表示“具有，带有” ，符合语境。 答
7、案：with 6解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中 his library and half his estate 为先行词，故用 which 引导该定语从句。 答案：which 7解析：考查现在分词。今天，你可以在哈佛校园的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的 John Harvard 的 雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。a statue of John Harvard 和动词 stand 之间为逻辑上的主谓关 系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。 答案：standing 8解析：考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名 的
8、” ，故用形容词 known。 答案：known 9解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言” ，且 saying 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a。 答案：a 10解析：考查连词。在教育界有一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。 空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it”为并列关系，故用连词 and。 答案：and .短文改错 Dear Mom， 3 Im now in the United State
9、s, a country so differently from China. Everything is fresh but interesting! I have made some friends there and they are very kind. Still, you know how much I miss you and your cooking. The mere thought of the dishes you prepare makes my mouth to water. My friends had some strange ways of describing
10、 their hungry.For instance， “ I can eat a horse！” Its a little confused, hmm? Im also sending you a few record of our daily conversations, from that you can hear real American English. It may be useful to you as English teacher. 答案： Dear Mom， Im now in the United States, a country so from China. Eve
11、rything is fresh differently different but and interesting! I have made some friends and they are very kind. Still, you know how much I there here miss you and your cooking. The mere thought of the dishes you prepare makes my mouth water. My friends some strange ways of describing their .For instanc
12、e， “ I can eat a had have hungry hunger horse！” Its a little ， hmm? Im also sending you a few of our daily confused confusing record records conversations, from you can hear real American English. It may be useful to you as that which an English teacher. 题组二 .语法填空 China has always been famous for be
13、ing a “ State of Etiquette (礼仪) ” .According to historical documents, as early as 2, 600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set 1._ dining etiquette. A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man 2._ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said， “Bef
14、ore drinking from his cup, he held 4 3._with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders, 4._ (say) qing (please). This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, 5._prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip (一小口), he 6._ (eat)
15、 some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese 7._ (coin) to show gratitude.This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. ” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person 8._ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt 9._ (serious) with; the 10._ (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were. 语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一位俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人在酒吧喝酒的经过， 描述了中国人的就餐礼仪。 1解析：考查固定搭配。根据历史文献记载，早在 2 600 年前，这个国家就已经建立了一套完整的就 餐礼仪。a set of 为固定搭配，意为“一套，一系列” 。 答案：of 2
