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1、Unit 2 Saving the EarthTopic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems.同步素材（仁爱版九上）一、单元概述1掌握Topic1中出现的生单词和短语。2重点句型：（1）I went there two years ago. There were lots of flowers and grass.（2）What has happened here?（3）Oh, what a mess!（4）There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the strea
2、m.（5）Noise is harmful to humans health.（6）Many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do.（7）It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to peoples hearing.3语法：现在完成时（III）4学会用英语谈论健康状况以及作比较。二、重难点知识讲解（一）重点单词和短语1mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；困境（前常用不定冠词a修饰）be in a mess 乱七八糟；处境窘迫The room
3、is in a mess.这个房间乱七八糟。make a mess 把弄得乱七八糟The children have made a mess in the house.孩子们把屋里弄得乱七八糟。get into a mess 遇到困境；遇到麻烦If your company gets into a mess, what will you do?如果你公司遇到困境，你会怎么做？2shame n. 羞耻，羞愧U；遗憾CShe felt a deep sense of shame.她深感羞耻。What a shame!The flowers and trees have gone.多么可惜！花儿和树
4、都没了。3pollute v. 污染；玷污，败坏The river has been polluted by waste from the factory.这条河已经受到工厂排放的废料所污染。The violent films pollute the minds of the young men.暴力电影毒害着青年人的思想。pollution n. 污染air pollution空气污染water pollution水污染4pain n. 疼；痛；痛苦（1）表示肉体上的“痛”“疼痛”，此时可用作可数或不可数名词。This tooth is giving me pain.这颗牙很疼。Mary f
5、elt a sharp pain in her left arm.玛丽左臂感到一阵剧烈的疼痛。由于可用可数或不可数名词，所以有时在同一语境中用pain, a pain, pains都是可能的。如：I have pain a pain, pains in my back. 我背疼。（2）表示精神上的“痛苦”，此时只用作不可数名词，不用复数形式，也不与不定冠词连用。I could not stand the pain any longer.我再也忍受不了这种痛苦了。表示“努力”“辛苦”，此时总是用pains这样的复数形式。He has written the book with great pai
6、ns.他呕心沥血写了这本书。5produce v. 生产；制造The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.这家工厂每星期生产一千辆轿车。The chemical factory has produced terrible gas.这个化工厂制造了可怕的气体。拓展：product n. 产品production n. 产量6bear v. 承受，忍受（同义词：stand）I cant bear this music.我受不了这种音乐。I cant bear to see you like this.我不忍见你这样。He cant bear having noth
7、ing to do.什么事都不干，他可受不了。（cant bear后即可接不定式，也可接动名词）bear作动词，还可表示“生”。bear作名词，表示“熊”。Although she was bearing a child, she still went swimming.虽然她怀了小孩，她还是去游泳。7create v. 造成；创造Using too much chemicals creates soil pollution.使用太多的化学物质会造成土壤污染。The government is trying to create more jobs for college students.政府
8、尽力为大学生创造更多的工作机会。creation n. 创新；创造8awful adj. 很坏的，极讨厌的；难受的；糟糕的We met him and I thought he was awful.我们已经见了面，我认为他很讨厌。I feel awful because I have a bad cold.因为感冒了我感到很难受。9cut down 砍倒Many big trees along the road have been cut down.路旁的许多大树都被砍掉了。cut down还可表示“削减；降低”。The government has made efforts to cut d
9、own expenses.政府尽力减少开支。10do harm to 伤害；损害（此处的do是实意动词）同义短语：be bad for/be harmful toSmoking does harm to your health.抽烟有害你的健康。do good to对有好处do wrong to冤枉某人，委屈某人（二）重点句型1Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 看，有几座化工厂正往河里倒废水。（1）“There be +sb./sth. +doing sth.”意为“有某
10、人或某物正在做”。There are two people waiting outside.有两个人正在外面等候。There is a cat climbing a tree over there.在那边有一只猫正在爬树。（2）pour.into 往倒入（灌入）We mustnt pour waste water into rivers nearby.我们不能把废水倒入附近的河里。（3）waste在此处作形容词，意为“废弃的；无用的”。We should reuse some waste paper.我们应该循环使用废纸。waste还可作名词“废弃物、废料；浪费”。作动词，意为“浪费”。In
11、our school the teachers ask us to use both sides of paper to produce less waste.在学校老师叫我们使用纸的两面，减少浪费。Its a waste of time to see such a boring movie.看这么无聊的电影真是浪费时间。My grandparents often tell me not to waste food.祖父母经常告诉我不要浪费食物。2How long have you been like this? 你处于这样的状态多久了？ Ive been like this since la
12、st month. 自从上个月我一直这样。（1）how long在此处是“多久，多长时间”的意思，用来提问某段时间，答语通常用for, since引导的时间状语。句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。How long have you been like this, young man?年轻人，你处于这种感觉状态多久？Since this morning/For two days.从今天早上到现在。/两天。（2）have been为现在完成时结构。been为be的过去分词。since last month从上月起，这表明be这种状态从过去已经开始，一直延续到现在，正符合现在完成时的第二点应用。sin
13、ce的四种用法。since过去某时间点，这里时间点指具体的年、月、日、星期几、时等。He has been here since 1999.他自1999年一直在这儿。since一段时间ago表示“自时间前开始至今”。He has been here since five years ago.他在这儿已有5年了。since一般过去时从句Many things have changed since you left.你走后许多事情发生了变化。It is一段时间+since-从句It is two years since I came here.我来这儿2年了。3However, not all p
14、eople know that noise is also a kind of pollution, and is harmful to humans health. 然而，不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染，它也对人类的健康有危害。（1）not all此结构为部分否定，意为“不是所有的”“not both不是两者都，not every不是每一，allnot所有的不都，bothnot两者/双方不都，everynot.每个不都”等结构都表示部分否定。Not all of the people are interested in English.不是所有的人都对英语感兴趣。Both the books arent interesting.= Not both the books are interesting.这两本书不是都有趣。（2）be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害harmful adj. 有害的（harmless 无害的）It is harmful to the environment.它对环境有危害。The noise is harmful to humans health.噪音对人类的健康有害。4Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no
