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1、新课标高一 英语必修3,Unit 4,Astronomy: the science of the stars,Warming up & reading,Teaching aims: Enable students to improve their listening skills and reading ability. Enable students to understand the development of gravity and how gravity affects us in different times and places. Arouse students interes
2、t to search for the mystery of space. Emphasis: Words and expressions: gravity, float, cheer up, now that, break out, etc Astronomic knowledge like gravity and black hole.,Warming up,Think about these questions and then discuss them with your partner. 1. In our solar system eight planets circle arou
3、nd the sun. What are they? Can you match the names with the planets? 2. What interests you in astronomy? Do you know any questions that astronomers are interested in?,地球 _ 木星 _ 火星 _ 水星 _ 海王星 _,F. 冥王星 _ G. 土星 _ H. 天王星 _ I. 金星 _,Earth,Jupiter,Mars,Mercury,Neptune,Pluto,Saturn,Uranus,Venus,Pre-reading,
4、1. Do you know each religion or culture has its own ideas about the beginning of the universe? In China, we all know that Pangu separates the sky from the earth.,Pangu separates the sky from the earth,中国神话传说中有盘古开天地的说法。巨人盘古用一把利斧劈开混沌,将天地分开。死后,他的气息化成风和云,声音变成轰轰的雷声,左眼化为太阳,右眼化为月亮,手足与四肢变成大地的四极与五方的名山,血液化成江河
5、,筋脉铺成道路,肌肉形成田地,须发成为星星,牙齿和骨骼化为金属、珍珠、玉石,汗水成为滋润万物生长的甘霖和雨露。,Other legends about the beginning of universe,The Biblical Account,Day 1: God spoke and separated light from darkness creating Day and Night Day 2: God spoke and separated the water creating sky and ocean Day 3: God spoke and created dry land,D
6、ay 4: God spoke and created the sun, moon and stars Day 5: God spoke and created living creatures in the air and sea Day 6: God spoke and created the land animals and man Day 7: God rested and blessed this day calling it Holy,India Brahma is the god first represented in the Hindu Triad. He is the cr
7、eator of the universe and all living beings are said to have evolved from him.,2. Do you know what a scientific idea is? It should be an idea coming from scientific theory.,想一想,HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH?,Reading,Where do we come from? Or we can say: Who are our ancestors? Do you really think space
8、 flights are meaningful? Why is the earth the only one of all the plants on which life can survive?,Cooperative learning,海洋里的细胞开始分裂,登陆,爬行动物,恐龙,Mammals,人类的兴起,Do you know what it was like before life appeared on earth?,可以演化成低级生命的小液滴，水泡状的太空原始生命体,It was full of water.,Big Bang,Gas,New stars,Dying stars,
9、remnants,平面图,1948年，美国物理学家伽莫夫提出了宇宙大爆炸学说。他认为：我们所观测到的宇宙始于150亿前的一次爆炸事件。 爆炸之初，宇宙是一个极度高温、高密度的“辐射地狱”，物质只能以中子、质子、电子、光子和中微子等基本粒子形态存在。宇宙爆炸之后不断膨胀，导致温度和密度很快下降。随着温度的下降，逐步形成原子核、原子、分子，并复合成通常的气体。气体逐渐凝聚成星云，星云进一步形成各种各样的恒星和星系，形成现在我们所看到的宇宙。 宇宙大爆炸学说的主要证据 (1) 星系距离越远，退行速度越大（红移） (2) 3K宇宙微波背景辐射（1978年诺贝尔物理奖） (3) 宇宙氦丰度（76%的氢和
10、24%的氦）,The Big Bang,从1948年伽莫夫建立热大爆炸的观念以来，通过几十年的努力，为我们勾画出这样一部宇宙历史： 大爆炸开始时 150200亿年前，极小体积，极高密度，极高温度。 大爆炸后10-43秒 宇宙从量子背景出现。 大爆炸后10-35秒 同一场分解为强力、电弱力和引力。 大爆炸后10-5秒 10万亿度，质子和中子形成。 大爆炸后0.01秒 1000亿度，光子、电子、中微子为主，质子中子仅占10亿分之一，热平衡态，体系急剧膨胀，温度和密度不断下降。 大爆炸后0.1秒后 300亿度，中子质子比从1.0下降到0.61。,大爆炸后1秒后 100亿度，中微子向外逃逸，正负电子湮
11、没反应出现，核力尚不足束缚中子和质子。 大爆炸后13.8秒后 30亿度，氘、氦类稳定原子核（化学元素）形成。 大爆炸后35分钟后 3亿度，核过程停止，尚不能形成中性原子。 大爆炸后30万年后 3000度，化学结合作用使中性原子形成，宇宙主要成分为气态物质，并逐步在自引力作用下凝聚成密度较高的气体云块，直至恒星和恒星系统。,Reading,Scanning 1. What was there on the earth before life could begin? Water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases.,2
12、. Why do scientists think there has never been life on the moon? Because there is no water on the moon. 3. Why did animals first appear in the seas? Because water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas.,4. Why did green plants help life to develop? Because green plants
13、can take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and fill the air with oxygen.,5. Why were mammals different from other animals? They were different because they produced their young from within their bodies.,Read the passage quickly and find out the answers to the questions below.,1. Whats the main idea
14、 of the text? 2. How many parts can the text be divided into? Whats the main idea for each part?,1. Whats the main idea of the text?,How life began on the earth.,2. How many parts can the text be divided into?,Two parts: Part 1 (para 1) Part 2 (para2.3.4),Water made it possible for life begin to dev
15、elop.,The development of living things.,Fill in the blanks with the proper words:,After the_,the earth was a cloud of _. Later the dust began to_ Into_. And then it _ loudly with fire and rock,which were in time to _ the water vapour,carbon dioxide, which were to make the earths_.As the earth _ down
16、,_ began to _ on its surface. Water had _ from planets or satellites,but it _on the earth.That made it possible for life to begin to _.,energetic dust,combine,exploded,produce,cooled,appear,disappeared,stayed,develop,“Big Bang”,a ball,atmosphere,water,Fill in the blanks with the proper verbs:,The arrival of _ en
