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1、Unit 3 Under the sea.阅读理解A(2017四川成都诊断)From sleeping standing up to shutting down half of their brain，animals have some strange sleeping habits.Now some of these unusual habits, from napping giraffes to birds that sleep while flying, have been shown in a chart. This chart shows that little brown bats
2、 are very lethargic,_sleeping for around 19.5 hours per day.This long period of sleep is thought to be a way of conserving energy and it means brown bats only hunt for a few hours each night when their insect food is available.In contrast, giraffes can go weeks without sleep because these large and
3、slowmoving animals are constantly easy to the attacks from predators.However, other animals are experts at multitasking and can swim or fly while sleeping. For example, dolphins and whales sleep while keeping half of their brain alert (警觉), so they dont drown, with dolphins typically napping for aro
4、und 10 hours a day.The method is known as “logging” and it has been observed in bottlenose dolphins, which keep half of their brain at a low level of alertness. This allows the dolphin to keep enough consciousness to carry on breathing through its blowhole.While sea otters arent alert while they sle
5、ep, they form rafts so they are not separated from each other. The creatures sometimes hold hands or paws when they sleep and typically eat, sleep and rest while floating in groups of rafts.1The underlined word “lethargic” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.AsleepyBinactiveCenergetic Dmovable
6、2Why do little brown bats have a long period of sleep?ATo avoid sunshine.BTo save more energy.CTo relax themselves.DTo wait for their insect food.3How do dolphins avoid drowning while sleeping?ABy taking extra naps.BBy holding hands or paws.CBy keeping half of their brain alert.DBy breathing through
7、 their blowholes.4What do sea otters do in order not to be separated from each other?AThey dont sleep.BThey float on rafts.CThey float in groups.DThey hold hands all the time.【语篇导读】文章介绍了小棕蝠、长颈鹿、海豚、鲸和海獭等动物特殊的睡眠习惯。1解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的sleeping for around 19.5 hours per day可知，小棕蝠每天大部分时间都在睡觉，由此可推断letharg
8、ic在此表示“昏昏欲睡的”，与sleepy意义相近。inactive意为“不活动的；怠惰的”；energetic意为“精力充沛的”；movable意为“活动的”。2解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段前半句This long period of sleep is thought to be a way of conserving energy .可知，小棕蝠睡得多是因为要保存体力。故选B项。3解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句中dolphins and whales sleep while keeping half of their brain alert，so they dont d
9、rown .可知，海豚睡觉时它的部分大脑会保持警觉状态。故选C项。4解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中.while floating in groups of rafts可知选C项。B和D为强干扰项，但对比第六段的内容，可知这两项表达不准确。BOver decades of studying the oceans fishes, some species have been found to have partial warmbloodedness. But scientists say the moonfish circulates heated bloodand puts it t
10、o a competitive advantage.“Nature has a way of surprising us with clever strategies where you least expect them，” according to NOAA Fisheries biologist Nicholas Wegner，“Its hard to stay warm when youre surrounded by cold water but the opah has figured it out.”The moonfish is not a small animal; its
11、roughly the size of a car tire and often weighs more than 100 pounds. In the past, it was often viewed as a fairly content dweller of water thats hundreds of feet deep.Now researchers say the moonfish also uses internal warmth to help it move quickly and efficientlyand kill prey such as squids and s
12、maller fish. As the researchers describe, the fish relies on an internal heating system that seems to have been developed in frigid waters.“Satellite tracking showed opah spend most of their time at depths of 150 to 1,300 feet, without regularly surfacing. Their higher body temperature should increa
13、se their muscle output and capacity, increase their eye and brain function and help them resist the effects of cold on the heart and other organs, Wegner said.“Fatty tissue surrounds the gills, heart and muscle tissue where the opah generates much of its internal heat, insulating them from the frigi
14、d water.”Heat is generated from the moonfishs large winglike pectoral fins, which were previously thought only to help it swim fast enough to catch prey.The agencys researchers say they found an unexpected design twist in the moonfishs gills that sets it apart from other fish: a countercurrent heat
15、exchange in which blood vessels carrying warm blood are twined around vessels that are bringing oxygenand cold temperaturesfrom the gills. The design helps the opah maintain warmbloodedness. “The fish had an average muscle temperature about 5 above the surrounding water while swimming about 150 to 1,000 feet below the surface，” NOAA says.5What Wegner said in Para. 2 suggests that _.Amoonfish have clever ways to keep warmBit is no surprise to feel cold in waterCpeople never thought moonfish warmbloodedDnature has its own way to surprise humans6What do we know about the mo
