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1、单元质量评估(三)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ADespite the fact that twothirds of Americans say they are on a diet to improve their health, very few are actually decreasing in size.“Dieting is a skill, much like riding a bicycle, and requires pra
2、ctice and good instruction, ” says Dr Bartfield.“Youre going to fall over and feel frustrated, but eventually you will succeed and it will get easier.” According to Dr Bartfield, here are the top four reasons why many dieters fail to lose weight.Underestimating(低估) calories consumed.Most people unde
3、restimate the number of calories they eat per day.Writing down everything that you eat every day can help increase selfawareness.Pay attention to serving sizes and use measuring cups and spoons as serving utensils to keep portions reasonable.Food eaten outside of the home tends to be much larger por
4、tion sizes and much higher in calories.Try to look up nutrition information of your favourite meal or restaurant and select a healthy meal before picking up the phone or going out to eat.Overestimating activity and calories burned.Typically you need to cut 500 calories per day to lose one pound per
5、week.This is very difficult to achieve through exercise alone, and would require 60 minutes or more of activity every day.A more attainable goal would be to try to increase activity throughout the day and get a total of 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise most days of the week.But be careful
6、exercise is not an excuse to eat more!Poor timing of meals.You need a steady stream of glucose(葡萄糖) throughout the day to maintain the best energy and to prevent metabolism from slowing down.Eat breakfast every day within one hour of waking up, then eat a healthy snack or meal every three to four ho
7、urs.Try not to go longer than 5 hours without eating a healthy snack or meal to keep your metabolism steady.Inadequate sleep.Studies have shown that people who get fewer than six hours of sleep have higher levels of ghrelin(胃饥饿素), which is a hormone that stimulates appetite, particularly for highcal
8、orie foods.【语篇解读】文章从四个方面分析了节食者减肥失败的原因。1Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ATop four best ways to improve your healthBA new and effective method for losing weightCThe advantages and disadvantages of being on a dietDReasons why many dieters fail to lose weight解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容特
9、别是第一段最后一句“According to Dr Bartfield, here are the top four reasons why many dieters fail to lose weight.”可知选项D可做文章标题。答案：D2It can be known from the passage that _Aexercise does little work for losing weight Beating more will not put on weight after exercise Ceating out probably makes you put on weigh
10、tDpeople who sleep more eat more解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Food eaten outside of the home tends to be much larger portion sizes and much higher in calories.”可以推测，既然在外面吃的饭含有更高的卡路里，那么在外吃饭就很可能使你增加体重。答案：C3The purpose of the text is to get more people to _Alose weight successfullyBknow about their own shortcomings
11、Cbe familiar with their physical conditionDprotect themselves from diseases解析：作者意图题。通读全文可知，这篇文章介绍的是减肥失败的四个主要原因，由此推测作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉人们应该如何成功减肥。答案：ABEbola(埃博拉病毒) has struck hard in Sierra Leone (塞拉利昂共和国)More than one million children have been unable to attend school because the spread of the disease i
12、s so fast.But classes are now broadcast on 41 radio stations.The educational programmes are airing three hours daily，five days a week.In the countrys capital，Freetown，17yearold student Doris Ansumana says radio broadcasts have made a big change from her usual days at school.She says life has become
13、tiresomenot interesting.She misses the social life.She misses going to school and seeing other students.She notes，however，that others do not have the chance to study because they have to work.Her father expresses concern about other young students because many are being forced into labour instead of
14、 study.He says some students are selling things because they do not have money to go to school.Brima Michael Turay，director for the Ministry of Education，Science and Technology，says the ideal(理想的) goal is to have the broadcasts take place from eleven in the morning until five in the afternoon.He say
15、s the ministry worked hard to get teachers opinions and advice for the broadcasts.He says parents must understand that the ministry cannot continually protect their children.“This has to be one of their greatest responsibilities.”The broadcasts teach and comfort children.They tell children that they
16、 are not alone in the Ebola crisis(危机)Mr Turay says the broadcasts also advise children on how to protect themselves and others.“Wash your hands.Do this and do that，so you dont end up losing your life or losing a family member and all of that.”The Education，Science and Technology Ministry will continue to present more programmes.It has also planned to bring solarpowered rad
