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1、单元质量评估(四)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AIn July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet(彗星)When the fragments(碎片)landed in the southern part of the grand planet, the explosions were watched
2、by scientists here on Earth.But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?The year is 2094.It had been announced that a comet is heading towards the earth.Most of it will miss our planet, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the earth.The news has caused panic.On 17 July, a fragm
3、ent four kilometres wide enters the Earths atmosphere with a huge explosion.About half of the fragment is destroyed.But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads.The wall of water rushes towards south
4、ern Africa at 800 kilometres an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the earth, but the north wont escape for long.Tons of brok
5、en pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosion.As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later civilization has collapsed.No more than 10 million people have survived.Could i
6、t really happen? It has already happened more than once in the history of the earth.The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment.The dinosaurs couldnt survive in the c
7、old climate that followed and they became extinct.Will we meet the same end?【语篇解读】作者通过一段幻想的灾难和恐龙已经绝迹的事实来警示人类。1Which of the following is NOT true according to the authors description of the disaster in 2094?AThe whole world becomes extremely cold.BAll the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed.CThe w
8、hole mankind becomes extinct.DThe visit of the comet results in wars.解析：细节理解题。根据第三自然段的描述可知，A、B、D均符合本文所假想的事实，只有C不符。文中“No more than 10 million people have survived”一句意为“只有1 000万人幸存下来”，而C项说全人类都灭绝了。显然与文章不符。题干要求找出不对的选项。答案：C2Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?ABecause they cou
9、ld only live in the warm climate.BBecause they once dominated the earth.CBecause their extinction indicates future disasters.DBecause dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.解析：推理判断题。第三段中，作者描述假想的人类灾难，最后一段提到生活在地球上的恐龙在6 500万年前突然消失(即灭绝)，许多科学家相信地球曾受到过外空星体碎片的袭击，故而导致恐龙绝种。由此暗示人类未来的灾难。答案：C3In writin
10、g the passage, the author intends to_Agive an accurate description of the possible disaster in the futureBprove that humans will sooner or later be destroyedCtell the historical development of the earthDwarn of a possible disaster in the future解析：观点态度题。本题要求考生推测作者意图。作者通过一段幻想的灾难和一段地球历史上出现过的恐龙绝迹的事实以及科学
11、家们分析恐龙绝迹的原因，来警示人类未来可能发生的灾难。答案：D4It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a(n)_Ahorror storyBnews reportCresearch paper Darticle of popular science解析：推理判断题。根据全文大意，又根据文章的性质，可判定D为最佳选项。A、B、C均不太妥当。答案：DBSatellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example, the informatio
12、n for weather forecasts is sent by satellite.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites.Many of our TV pro
13、grammes come to us through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.They are usually 35，880 kilometres above the equator.Sometimes we can see a satellite in the
14、 sky and it seems to stay in the same place.This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometres an hourexactly the same speed that the earth rotates.A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the earth.Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit.So there are little roc
15、kets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.Space is not empty！Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth.A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.Satellites which are broken are so
16、metimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired.Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.【语篇解读】文章介绍了卫星的作用，和卫星在太空运行的情况。5Which of the following is NOT done by satellites acco
