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1、Unit 4 EarthquakesWarming Up & Pre-reading & Reading & ComprehendingKey Words1. earthquake n. 地震2. well n. 井3. million n. 百万4. event n. 事件；大事5. nation n. 民族；国家；国民6. suffering n. 苦难；痛苦7. survivor n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物8. electricity n. 电；电流；电学9. disaster n. 灾难；灾祸10. mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井11. shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处12
2、. smelly adj. 发臭的；有臭味的13. extreme adj.极度的14. useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的15. injure vt. 损害；伤害16. destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭17. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏KeyPhrases1. burstinto+ n. =burstoutdoing突然起来2. insteadof代替3. giveout分发；精疲力竭4. a (great) numberof许多，大量5. rightaway立刻6. inruins严重受损；破败不堪7. digout挖掘8. atanend终结9. asif仿佛
3、10. betrappedin=becaughtin被困在中11. buryoneselfin=beburiedin专心于，埋头于KeySentencestoo to 1. burst(1)vi.( burst, burst)爆裂；爆发。常用搭配： burst into +n. 闯入；突然爆发 burst out doing 突然开始做burst in 闯入；突然出现；打断 burst into laughter=burst out laughing 突然大笑起来burst into tears=burst out crying 突然大哭起来burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/
4、乐不可支 burst out cryingburst into tearsChildren like to blow up crisp bags and burst them. 孩子们喜欢把薯条袋吹涨后拍爆。(2)n. 突然破裂；爆发。There was a burst of applause in the next hall. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵掌声。1. 【易混辨析】break/burst/crack/crush这些动词均含打破、弄碎之意。break常用词，含义广泛，多指猛然用力将坚硬物打破或损坏。burst指某物因内部外部压力过大而出现严重破裂、爆开或胀破。crack多指因长期使用
5、或经受压力，物体表现呈现裂纹、裂口或破裂、裂开，但一般没成碎片。crush指用力把东西压破或变形。2. 【易混辨析】explode /burst/erupt这些动词均有爆炸、爆发之意。explode指物体爆炸而释放大量热能的一刹那。burst强调爆炸能量的突然释放和力量的突然迸发。erupt主要指火山的爆发，也可用作引申意义。The audience _ when they heard the humorous story.A. burst into laughing B. burst out laughterC. burst into laughter D. burst in laughin
6、g【答案】C 【解析】burst out doing sth. 突然做某事；burst into+ n. 情绪突然发作。故选C。2. as if仿佛；好像。 It sounds as if you have grown apart from Tom. 听起来好像你和汤姆之间产生了隔阂。【拓展延伸】as if的用法：1. 可在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句。 She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。2. 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句用陈述语气。 It seems as
7、 if our team is going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。It looks as if theyre looking for something. 他们看起来好像在找什么东西。3. 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if从句用虚拟语气。 It looks as if a tornado swept through your room. 好像有龙卷风席卷过你的房间。 She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的妈妈一样。4. 如果as if 引导的从句是主语+系动词结构
8、，可省略主语和系动词等成份。He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他做事像个傻子。She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry. 她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。 He remembers everything of his childhood as if it _ just now.A. was happening B. happensC. happened D. has happened【答案】C 3. at an end结束；终结。It seemed as if the world was at an end!
9、 看起来世界到了末日！【拓展延伸】put/bring to an end=put/bring an end to 使终止come to an end 结束end up with以告终【易错提醒】在at an end, come to an end, bring/putto an end等短语中，an都不能省略或换成其他的词，它们均为固定搭配。We dont need to do extra work this evening. The days work is almost _ now.A. at the end B. at an endC. at one end D. at our end【
10、答案】B 【解析】句意：今晚我们不需要加班，现在今天的工作基本已经做完了。at the end最终，最后，在终点；at an end结束；终结；耗尽；at one end 在一端；at our end在我方，在我地。由句意可知选B。4. ruinn. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产。常见搭配：in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市变成了一片废墟。【拓展延伸】go to ruin 衰落，败落fall into ruin 衰落，败落 bring sth. to
11、ruin 使某物毁灭ruin oneself 自我毁灭Two days later, the fighting between the two countries left the area _.A. in fear B. in silenceC. in ruins D. in peace【答案】C 5. sufferingn. 苦难；痛苦。The suffering of the people was extreme. 人们极度痛苦。【拓展延伸】suffer vt. & vi.遭受，忍受，经历遭受；受痛苦，受损害【易混辨析】suffer与suffer from含义用法例句suffer经受，使
12、遭受（坏事，不愉快的事）其宾语一般是loss, pain, punishment, defeat, wrong, hardship, grief, injustice, disappointment等I will not suffer such conduct. 我不能容忍这种行为。They suffered huge losses in financial crisis. 他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大损失。suffer from 因而痛苦suffer from+疾病名词（或者他人闲言碎语、劳累、记忆力减退等），表示患病、为受苦She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病。I
13、m suffering from a lack of time this week. 我为这周时间不够用而痛苦。suffer from+自然灾害suffer from drought 遭受旱灾suffer from floods 遭受水灾【图文助记】困难失败惩罚 suffer suffer from失望The heavy rain made his business _ a great loss.A. suffer B. suffer from C. suffering D. suffering from【答案】A 6. destroyvt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭。Everywhere they
14、looked nearly everything was destroyed. 他们看到的每个地方的所有东西都被损坏了。【易混辨析】damage, destroy, hurt和injure的区别单词用法例句damage可作动词和名词，指因自然灾害或人为因素对物的损害。do/cause damage to对造成伤害。He damaged my car with a stone. 他用石头砸坏了我的汽车。destroy 只能用作动词，指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复。The flood destroyed the city. 洪水摧毁了这座城市。hurt 可作动词和名词，指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly，slightly，seriously等连用；指精神上的创伤时
