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1、根据上述对广东高考完形填空的命题研究，我们归纳了一些实用的解题方法。所有例证尽可能采用广东高考真题，但因20112014年的高考题已在“高考真题研练”中出现了，此处不再重复。,(一)上下求索寻信息 因为答案信息点有的在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，需要综合考虑或相互印证。有时，还要根据上、下文提供的信息，结合常识，进行适当的逻辑推理，才可得出正确答案。不管题目有多难，都一定能在上下文中找到线索。,例1 The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who wer
2、e getting off the bus should get off first， and students who were getting on should get on 28 .(2010广东) 27. A. parents B. students C. teachers D. drivers 28. A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier,解析：27题的答案信息点在空格后的and students who中，关键词是students，故选B。28题的答案信息点在空格前，关键词是first，与first相对应是later，故选B。,例2One
3、 afternoon， I was out exploringand saw a new kind of cactus(仙人掌). I crouched(蹲)down for a closer look. “Youd better not 47 that.” I turned around to see an old woman “Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldnt touch.”(湖南) A. break B. pick
4、 C. pull D. touch,解析：此题若不读到文章最后一句的最后一个单词，很难确定填touch，选D。,2. 左顾右盼找搭配,例3On April 12，1888，Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and(2009广东) found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged 解析：四个选项中，能与后面for搭配的， 只有mistook，即mistake A for B(误以为A 是B)，故选C。,例4N
5、obel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to 28 the Nobel prizes， which would be awarded to people who(2009广东) A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote 解析：根据动宾搭配，在四个选项中，能与名词the Nobel prizes(诺贝尔奖)搭配的，只有establish (设立)，即“设立诺贝尔奖”，故选A。用他的大部分钱去“构成/开发/促进”诺贝尔奖，是讲不通的。,3. 思前想后通全文,有时，若单
6、独看空格处或空格所在句，其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填入空格中都不错，句子也通顺，但结合全文内容来理解，就只有一个是最佳答案了。因此，选择答案时，一定要考虑到此选项不但在本句中讲得通，而且要在全文中也讲得通，即贯通全文。,例5Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes， which would be awarded to people who made great 29 to the causes of peace， literature， and t
7、he sciences. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions,解析：若单独看空格处，选项B、C、D都可以填，make great sacrifices“作出巨大牺牲”，make great changes“发生巨大变化”, make great contributions“作出巨大贡献”；从文章内容或常识来看，诺贝尔奖金应当是奖给那些为世界和平、文学和科学事业“作出过巨大贡献”的人，故只能选D。,例6Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of min
8、ing，construction, and warfare as the inventor of dynamite(炸药)the article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel，who became 23 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday.” Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to A. famous B. sick C. rich D. popular,解析：若单独看
9、空前的became，填四个选项都没有语法错误, 但是由前文中的became a millionaire和后文give the largest part of his money可知, rich为最佳答案，故选C。,(一)通读全文，理解大意 重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解短文大意，这是解题的基础。这一步非常重要，万万不可忽视。,(二)瞻前顾后，初选答案 在理解短文大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，与前后词语的习惯搭配，特别是上下文的意义衔接等，初选答案。可以先解决那些自己有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，在上文中难以判断的题或许在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示了，一
10、个在前面不能解答的题或许在填出了另一空后考生就会豁然开朗。,(三)复读全文，解决残敌 借助已经补全的空格，我们已对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决遗留的个别难题。 (四)再次复读，弥补疏漏 全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。,根据广东高考完形填空题的特点，只要了解上述三个原则，遵循四个步骤，灵活运用以下五个技巧，任何完形难题都可得到顺利解决。希望考生一定要理解、掌握以下五个技巧。,(一)词语同现,某些因语义相关联或搭配相关联的词语在语篇中有共同出现的倾向性，叫词语同现，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等，如diffe
11、rent与same; cruel与friendly; death(死亡)与destruction(毁灭); ill与pale，patient, nurse， doctor，operation等。,一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话题，与此相关的词就可能会共同出现，以实现语篇衔接。如2011年广东高考完形填空的短文，是围绕“把优生从普通班里分离出去会带来严重问题”这一主题展开的，涉及这一主题的可能有“普通班” “特殊班” “优生” “普通生”，以及“学校” “老师” “学习”等等,因此，special, gifted，intelligent，top， regular，average，school，
12、classes, teachers，children，learning这些相互关联的词语就很可能会同时出现在语篇之中。,了解词语同现，对正确解答完形填空题很有帮助。请运用词语同现的技巧，解答以下高考真题，并说明正确选项与哪些词同现。,1.(2010广东)You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to _ the building. A. enter B. leave C. open D. close,A 因有
13、push(推)就有pull(拉)，有go out of(出去)就会有enter(进入)，这就是词语同现。,2.(2010广东)When I first came to America， I noticed that a public building had two different doors and they had distinct functionsThis was new to me, because we use the _ door in South Korea A. main B. same C. front D. back,B 美国的门与韩国的门进行对比，same与diff
14、erent相对，是词语同现。,3.(2010广东)The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors，students who were getting off the bus should get off first，and students who were getting on should get on _ . A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier,B 因与first同现的应是later。,4. (2009广东)To make sure tha
15、t he was remembered with love and respect, Nobel arranged in his _ to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about. A. book B. article C. will D. contract,C 与die(死)，arrange(安排后事)同现的应当是will(遗嘱)。,5. (2008广东)These te
16、ll the story of a mother whose baby grows _ and pale A. sick B. slim C. short D. small,A 与pale同现的单词，应是sick。,(二)词语复现,词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的。 词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现(又叫同根词复现)、同义或近义词复现(包括与近义词的同根词复现，如ill与sickness)、上下义复现(即总括与分述，如animal 是sheep， tiger， wolf等的上义词；rose 是flower 的下义词)、反义复现（如wrong与not right）等。,了解词语复现这种衔接手段，有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。请运用词语复现的技巧，解答以下高考真题，并指出正确选项与哪个词是何种类
