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1、,Lets play a small game,One and one is two.,The teacher said “one and one is two.”,Diaoyu Island belongs to China.,The teacher said “Diaoyu Island belongs to China.”,The teacher said Diaoyu Island belongs to China.,The teacher said one and one is two.,Direct speech,直接引语和间接引语,& indirect speech,Gramma
2、r,直接引语和间接引语,直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内。,例如：Mary said “What are you doing?”,用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般用宾语从句来表达。,例如：Mary asked what I was doing.,Observing & Finding,1. “ I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” said Anne. Anne said (that) she didnt want to set down a series of
3、 facts in a diary.,2. “ Does a friend always have to be a person?” the writer asks us. The writer asks us if / whether a friend always has to be a person.,3.Tom asked me , “Can you come or not now?” Tom asked me whether I could go or not then.,4.Mary said to me, “What do you like?” Mary asked me wha
4、t I liked.,5.The teacher said to the boy,“Open the window .” The teacher told the boy to open the window.,直接引语变间接引语需注意：,1、引导词的选用 陈述句用that引导，that可省略； 一般疑问句用if/whether引导； 选择疑问句用whetheror not引导； 特殊疑问句用原特殊疑问词引导； 祈使句变成ask/tell sb to do sth,2、使用陈述句语序,3、某些成分的变化与不变,8 变 4 不 变,标点符号的变化：引号去掉，结尾标点变句号。,Lily said
5、to me , “ Do you like learning English?” Lily asked me whether / if I liked learning English.,Mother said to me , “ Watch the steps !” Mother told me to watch the steps .,人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,三 不 变,引号内的第一人 称变间接引语后 与主句主语的人 称保持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间接引语后 与主句宾语的人 称保持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间接引语 后人称不变,She said,“ I like tennis.
6、”,She said that she liked tennis.,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early”,He told Lily that she must get up early.,She said to me , “ They want to help him”,She told me that they wanted to help him.,一随主，二随宾，三不变,转述动词的变化,e.g. Mother said to me , “ I dont know.” Mother told me that she didnt know.,即s
7、ay / said（陈述句）变为 tell / told,Father said to me , “ Do you come back today?” Father asked me whether I went back that day.,即say / said(疑问句) 变为 ask / asked,时态的变化：引号内动词按递减规律变为相应的过去时态。,e.g. Tom said , “ I like swimming.”,Tom said that he liked swimming.,Mark said to me , “ I will do it.”,Mark told me th
8、at he would do it.,时间状语的变化:,指示代词的变化,this,that,these,those,地点状语的变化,here,there,e.g. Tom said to me ,“I like this book.”,Tom told me that he liked that book.,e.g. He said to me ,“I dont want to come here.” He told me that he didnt want to go there.,方向性动词的变化,come,go,bring,take,e.g. He said to me ,“I don
9、t want to come here.” He told me that he didnt want to go there.,He said to me ,“Can you bring me a coat?”,He asked me if / whether I could take him a coat.,时态四不变,客观真理，永恒不变的事实,He said, “The earth moves around the sun.”,He said that the earth moves around the sun.,直接引语中有表示具体的过去时间状语；,He said, “I was b
10、orn on May 23, 1989.”,He said that he was born on May 23, 1989.,习惯性动作或说话时仍存在的情况,The boy said “I eat eggs every day.”,The boy said that he eats eggs every day.,谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等情态动词时.,She said to me, “You should get up early.”,She told me that I should ge
11、t up early.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise,2. Tom said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Tom asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. s
12、he spend her D. you spent your,3. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,4. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a
13、long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,5. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,6. She ask
14、ed, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,7. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,8. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we weret
