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1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 必修1,Friendship,Unit 1,Section Learning about Language,Unit 1,直接引语和间接引语() 陈述句和疑问句 品读例句，体会黑体部分在间接引语中的用法 She said, “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” She sa
2、id that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people did，but she wanted that diary itself to be her friend, and she should call her friend Kitty.,The teacher said to us, “We will have an English party tomorrow.” The teacher told us that we would have an English party the ne
3、xt day. John said, “Im going to London with my father.” John said that he was going to London with his father. “Is Emma often late for school？” she asked me. She asked me if/whether Emma was often late for school. Mrs.Black asked me, “What are you doing？” Mrs.Black asked me what I was doing.,结论：引述某人
4、的话一般采用两种形式：一种是_，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是_，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内，而用宾语从句或复合宾语来表达。 答案：直接引语；间接引语,一、直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则 1人称的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。,巧学助记 直接引语变间接引语人称变化口诀：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。” (1)“一随主”，指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称而变化。 The farmer said，“I am busy harvesting
5、my cotton now.” The farmer said that he was busy harvesting his cotton then.,(2)“二随宾”，指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 A foreigner asked the students, “Can adults study in a formal university in your country？” A foreigner asked the students if adults co
6、uld study in a formal university in their country.,(3)“第三人称不更新”，指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 An educator said, “They need to know something about his works.” An educator said that they needed to know something about his works.,2时态的变化。 直接引语变间接引语时句子时态变化如下表：,He said，“I am having
7、 supper now.” He said that he was having supper then. The designer said，“We have begun our project.” The designer said that they had begun their project.,3指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化。,Zhang said, “I hope this is not only an achievement for Chinese literature.” Zhang said that he hoped that was not only
8、an achievement for Chinese literature. “Where did you have a picnic yesterday？” asked his friend. His friend asked where he had had a picnic the day before. “When you come here, will you please bring a dictionary？”the editor said to the worker. The editor asked the worker whether he would take a dic
9、tionary when he went there.,名师点津 以上这些变化要根据说话的实际情况来定，不要机械照搬。假如就在当地转述，here就不必改为there。如果就在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。,4连接词的选择。 (1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。 He said，“I was cooking when the earthquake happened.” He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened. She
10、 said to me，“I came back an hour ago.” She told me (that) she had come back an hour before.,(2)直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(.or.或 or not)或if引导。 He said, “Are you interested in English？” He asked (me) if/whether I was interested in English. (3)直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之
11、间的转换规则来进行。 “Whats your name？” he asked me. He asked me what my name was.,名师点津 当直接引语里是“Whats wrong with.？/Whats the matter？/Whats the trouble？/What has happened？”等特殊疑问句时，间接引语语序不变。,二、难点突破 1直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不发生变化的情况。 (1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时： “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，
12、” the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and that the moon moves around the earth. (2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语时： Tom said，“I was born on April 21, 1980.” Tom said he was born on April 21, 1980.,2直接引语变间接引语时，主句谓语动词的变化。 (1)直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语，主句中的said to sb.常改为told sb. The
13、father said to his son, “Your friend asked you to give him a ring.” The father told his son that his friend had asked him to give him a ring. (2)直接引语是疑问句时，若变为间接引语，如果主句中谓语动词是said, 则将其改为asked。 The girl said，“When shall we leave the hiding place？” The girl asked when they should leave the hiding place.
14、,3疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。 The mother asked, “What are the kids doing in the room now？” The mother asked what the kids were doing in the room then.,.变直接引语为间接引语，每空一词。 1He said，“My brother doesnt want to go there.” He said to me _ _ brother _ want to go there. 2He said to me, “Did you see him last
15、 night？” He asked me whether I had seen him _ _ _. 3Mary said to me，“Ill come again tomorrow.” Mary _ me that _ _ come again _ _ _.,4“Can you swim, John？” he asked. He asked John _ _ _ swim. 5“Will Peter play basketball？”I wanted to know. I wanted to know _ Peter _ _ basketball. 6“Who has been to Beijing？” the teacher asked. The teacher asked _ _ been to Beijing. 7“Come here, Tom.” Lucy asked Tom. Lucy asked Tom _ _ _. 8“The earth goes around the sun.” the scientist said. The scientist said _ the earth _ around the sun.,答案：1.that his; didnt
