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1、odule 4 Sandstorms in Asia Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary. 阅读理解AThere has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the worlds lead
2、ing cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves. LondonLondons flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 26 years later
3、the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed. There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in Londo
4、ns flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous. ParisOver a six week period in July and August 2003, more than 11, 400-mainly elderly people-died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected
5、every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again? One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放). In
6、 Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower”, which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner. ShanghaiShanghai is one of the fastest growing cities on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is
7、only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century. An estimated 250, 000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption. China relies heavily on coal-fired power stations, but these emissions increase t
8、emperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons. 【语篇概述】近年来全球自然灾害的数量剧增, 据预测, 在将来, 全球变暖等气候变化将会导致更多的灾难。让我们看一看世界上的大城市将会面临什么样的灾难。1. What problem should be settled now in London? A. How to protect the citys property. B. Where to build its flood defences. C. How to use the Thames Barrie
9、r to protect the city. D. How to improve the function of the old flood defences. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由“London”部分的首句可知, 伦敦的防洪设施正在老化, 可推知D项正确。2. Which of the following measures CANT solve the heat wave disaster in Paris? A. Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo. B. Having air-conditione
10、rs installed in elderly care homes. C. Forbidding the city to build “Flower Tower”. D. Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“. . . encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building Flower Tower”可知鼓励设计“Flower Tower”式的建筑物而不是禁止。3. The major t
11、hreats to Shanghai are. A. increasing population and coal-fired power stationsB. rising sea levels and typhoonsC. extremely high temperature and rising sea levelsD. extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章最后两段中的“Sea levels are predicted to rise. . . warmer seas increase the r
12、isk of typhoons. ”可知上海面临的主要自然灾害是海平面上升和台风。4. The purpose of the passage is. A. to tell us how to protect the big citiesB. to give advice on how to defend natural disastersC. to explain what causes flood and heat wavesD. to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities【解析】选D。目的意图题。由文章第一段最后
13、一句“Some of the worlds leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves. ”可知D项正确。5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Big Cities Facing Big DisastersB. Big Disasters in the FutureC. The Increase of Natural DisastersD. Solutions to Natural Disasters【解析】选A
14、。主旨大意题。全文描述了世界各大城市将会面临的各种自然灾害, 故A项正确。BWe already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow down climate change: use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Not lon
15、g ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep red
16、ucing emission(排放)of carbon dioxide(CO2)and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emission of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2a day by doing common things like turning on air condit
