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1、Unit 21 Human BiologyPart 1阅读完形组合准度练(建议用时40).阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)A(2016江西九校联考)Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of piling on the pounds，a study shows.A team at the Institute of Cancer Research in London found women had larger waistlines if their bedroom wa
2、s “light enough to see across” at night.However， they caution there is not enough evidence to advise people to buy thicker curtains or turn off lights.The women were asked to rate the amount of light in their bedrooms at night as：Light enough to read.Light enough to see across the room，but not read.
3、Light enough to see your hand in front of you，but not across the room.Too dark to see your hand or you wear a mask.Prof.Anthony Swerdlow told the BBC：“In this very large group of people there is an association between reported light exposure at night and overweight and obesity.But there is not suffi
4、cient evidence to know if making your room darker would make any difference to your weight.There might be other explanations for the association，but the findings are intriguing enough to guarantee further scientific investigation.”The light is disrupting the body clock，which stems from our evolution
5、ary past when we were active when it was light in the day and resting when it was dark at night.Light alters mood，physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24hour cycle.Artificial light is known to disrupt the body clock by delaying the production of the sleep hormone melatonin.Prof.De
6、rkJan Dijk said there would be no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker.He told the BBC：“People in general are not aware of the light present in their bedroom.I think people should assess their bedroom and see how easy it would be to make it darker.” Street lights，some alarm clocks and standby ligh
7、ts on electrical equipment such as televisions could light a room，he said.“Overall this study points to the importance of darkness，” he concluded.1The passage mainly tells us Abright bedrooms link to obesityBdark bedrooms link to obesityCpeople should turn off lightsDpeople should buy thicker curtai
8、ns2What does the underlined word “disrupt” (Paragraph 4) mean?AStop.BDisturb.CImprove. DRecover.3What might Paragraph 4 be used for?AOne possible explanation on disrupting body clock.BOne possible explanation on disrupting mood.COne possible explanation on disrupting physical strength.DOne possible
9、explanation on artificial light.4Whats Prof.DerkJan Dijks attitude towards the dark room?AUnclear. BDoubtful.CNegative. DFavorable.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卧室里的亮度对人们健康的影响：过于强烈的光线会影响人体的生物钟，影响人的情绪，还有可能使人肥胖。1解析：选A。主旨大意题。第一段第一句点明了文章的主题，即有研究表明，在光线太强的房间里睡觉可能会导致体重增加。故选A项。2解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“The light is d
10、isrupting the body clock”和第二句可知，本段主要讲述的是光线会干扰生物钟，会改变情绪、体力、甚至人体处理食物的方式，由此可推知画线单词意为“干扰”，与B项disturb意义接近。故选B项。3解析：选A。篇章结构题。根据第四段第一句中的“The light is disrupting the body clock .”及最后一句中的“Artificial light is known to disrupt the body clock”可知，本段主要解释了光线会干扰人体生物钟的可能原因。故选A项。4解析：选D。观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句中“there would be
11、 no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker”及最后一句可以看出，DerkJan Dijk教授赞成将卧室的亮度调暗。故选D项。BWhat you see is what you eat，according to the latest study to confirm that TV viewing encourages children to eat more junk food.Leah Lipsky and Ronal Iannotti，scientists at the EKSN Institute of Child Health and Huma
12、n Development，report that for every hour of television children watch，they are 8% less likely to eat fruit every day，18% more likely to eat candy，and 16% more likely to eat fast food.Those results prove the previous studies that have linked TV viewing with unhealthy eating habits among children.The
13、reasons for the association arent surprising: youngsters watching TV are exposed to more advertising for unhealthy foods，such as for fast food or sodas，than commercials for fresh fruits and vegetables.Kids who watch a lot of TV are also less likely to be active，and studies show theyre more likely to
14、 prefer eating foods high in sugar，salt and fat even when they arent watching TV.But Lipsky and Iannotti also found that some kids who snacked in front of the TV increased the amount of fruit they ate.It all depended on what was available and within reach.Lipsky says，“It suggests that if you have ot
15、her options available，and dont have the unhealthy options available，then children might be encouraged to possibly eat more fruit.”TV watching can establish a deeper pattern of poor eating habits that can set children up not only for future obesity，but also for many of the chronic diseases associated
16、 with overweight.When children spend more time in front of the screen，they are also less likely to be exercising or engaging in physical activity that can burn off calories and keep the heart healthy.Lipsky recommend that parents first limit the amount of time children spend in front of a TV or a computer.If eating in front of the TV is mindless，then at le
