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1、Unit 4 Astronomy : the science of the stars,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.astronomyn.天文学 2.systemn.系统;体系;制度 systematicadj.系统的;有条理的 3.religionn.宗教;宗教信仰 religiousadj.宗教的;虔诚的 4.theoryn.学说;理论 5.violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的 violencen.暴力;暴行 violentlyadv.猛烈地,剧烈地 6.atmospheren.大气层;气氛 7.unlikeprep.与不同,不像 8.fundamentaladj.基本的,基
2、础的 fundamentn.基础,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,9.harmfuladj.有害的 harmvt.茫然的 16.biologyn.生物学 biologistn.生物学家,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,17.gravityn.万有引力;重力 18.satelliten.卫星,人造卫星 19.gentleadj.温和的;文雅的 gentlyadv.温和地;温柔地,轻轻地 20.physicistn.物理学家 physicsn.物理学 physicaladj.物质的;身体的;物理的 21.climaten.气候 22.crashvt.(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词
3、,1.in time 及时;终于 2.lay eggs 下蛋 3.give birth to 产生;分娩 4.in ones turn 轮到某人 5.prevent.from 阻止,制止 6.block out 挡住(光线) 7.cheer up 感到高兴;感到振奋 8.a mass of 大量的 9.now that 既然 10.break out 突发;爆发 11.watch out 密切注视;当心,提防,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命的发展成为可能。 This produced a chain reaction,which made it possib
4、le for life to develop. 2.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。 But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.,No one knows exactly how the earth began.However,according to a 1.widely(wide) accepted theory,the universe began with a “Big Ba
5、ng” that threw matter in all 2.directions(direction).For several billion years after the “Big Bang”,the earth was still just a cloud of dust.Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago,the earth settled into a solid globe and became very 3.violent(violence).As the earth exploded with fire and rock,carbon
6、dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases were produced in time,which were 4.to make(make) the earths atmosphere.What is even 5.more important is that water began to appear on earth,making it possible for life to develop.Many millions of years later,small plants 6.appearing(appear) on the surfac
7、e of the water multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen,7.which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next,green plants began to grow on land,8.followed(follow) by insects and amphibians.When the plants grew into forests,reptiles appeared.After that,d
8、inosaurs developed and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.The dinosaurs,9.disappearance(disappear) made possible the rise of mammals.Finally,some clever animals 10.with hands and feet,such as human beings appeared and spread all over the earth.Thus,in their turn,they have become th
9、e most important animals on the planet.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,violent adj.猛烈的,激烈的;凶暴的 The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球开始变得激烈动荡,不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。(教材原句P25) 常见用法 a violent wind 暴风 a violent language 激烈的语言 a violent attack 猛烈的攻击 violent behavior 暴力行为 Th
10、e violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain,snow,or hail.强烈的风暴经常伴随雨、雪或冰雹。 There is a great concern about the violent behavior among adolescents.人们非常关注青少年的暴力行为。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 violence n.暴力;暴行 violently adv.猛烈地;剧烈地 现学活用 用violent的适当形式填空 1.They consider it almost a crime to expose chil
11、dren to violence on TV. 2.This drug can make some people violently ill.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,harmful adj.有害的 What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信,由于地球上长期有水存在,使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。(教材原句P2
12、6) 常见用法 be harmful to sb./sth.对有害 Why it is harmful to health to eat too much?为什么吃得太多对健康有害? Smoking is harmful to your health.抽烟对你的健康有害。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 1.harm vt.损害,伤害 n.损害 harm sb./sth.伤害某人/某事物 do harm to对有害 do no harm to对无害 mean no harm 并无恶意 come to no harm 安然无恙 2.harmfully adv.有害地 3.harmless
13、 adj.无害的 be harmless to对无害 Do you think that drinking will do harm to your health?你认为喝酒会对你的健康有害吗? He means no harm by saying what he thinks.他说出自己的想法,并无什么恶意。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 用harm的适当形式填空 1.Such laws could protect the consumer from harmful or dangerous remedies. 2.Although this radiation may be ha
14、rmless to our bodies,it can severely inhibit our ability to receive and transmit information.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,exist vi.存在;生存 They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.它们也生蛋,在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。(教材原句P26) 常见用法 exist on (=live on)靠为生 exist as作为而存在;以形态存在 exist in(=lie in)存在于之
15、中 There exist(s).有/存在,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,The hostages existed on bread and water for over 5 months.人质靠面包和水生存了5个多月。 They do not usually exist as physical files.它们通常不是作为物理文件存在。 We exist in space.我们存在于空间中。 There exist different opinions on this question.关于这个问题有不同的观点。 拓展延伸 existence n.存在 in existence现存的,现有的
16、 come into existence产生;成立;开始存在 bring into existence使发生;使产生 Nowadays,there are still many people wondering when the earth came into existence.现在仍有很多人想知道,地球是何时产生的。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,特别提醒 exist没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。 现学活用 单句填空 1.They cant exist on the money hes earning. 2.It has been in existence(exist) for more than 500 years.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,puzzle vt.不知如何是好 be in a puzzle about对困惑不解,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,I
