《九年级英语 一轮复习unit3 人教新目标版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《九年级英语 一轮复习unit3 人教新目标版（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、九年级英语Unit31.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成1. 被动语态的结构：be+过去分词（由be构成不同时态，具体见下面）a) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 b) 一般过去时：was/were +过去分词c) 一般将来时：will/be going to +be+过去分词 d) 现在进行时：is/am/are +being+过去分词e) 过去进行时：was/were +bein
2、g+过去分词 f) 现在完成时：have/has +been+过去分词2. 被动语态应注意：a) 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词不能构成被动语态。b)。主句中的感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等以及使役动词let, make, have等，变为被动句时，加上不定式to如：He made the boy work for him. (主动语态) The boy was made to work for him. (被动语态) We often hear the boy cry at night.-The boy is often heard to cry
3、 at night.【链接中考】2007年湖北咸宁市：Betty is often seen _ the old man with his housework.A. help B. to help C. helped D. helps (答案为B)c) 常见的不用被动语态的动词：系动词, look /seem /appear, belong to, die, fall, happen, last, become, get(变得), feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste, grow, cost, fit, have(有), take place, sell(vi),
4、 wash(vi), read(vi), write(vi), open(vi), close(vi), shut(vi), lock (vi), wear(vi), keep(保持), stay(保持)等3. 几种特殊的被动语态：a）带情态动词的被动结构带情态动词的被动结构的固定句式为情态动词(may, can, could, might, must, would, should, shall) + be + 过去分词。也有个别带to的情态动词例外，如：ought to和have to ，它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。例如：The debt must be paid off before
5、next month. 那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。The debt has to be paid off before next month. 那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。Oil can be turned into energy by burning it. 油经过燃烧可变为能原。You ought to be criticized for your carelessness. 你由于粗心大意应当受到批评。b) 带双宾语的主动态变成被动态我们先来看看带有两个宾语的主动语态句子的结构，重点看谓语部分：She sent me a novel on my birthday .主 谓 间接宾语 直
6、接宾语 状语I allowed him an hour to finish the work .主 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语 状语从上面的分析可以看出，两个宾语分别是：直接宾语和间接宾语。将这种主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子，可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动语态句子的主语，而将另一个宾语作为保留宾语写入被动语态中。但有一点要说明，那就是，如果你选直接宾语作主语，有时要在被动语态句子的保留宾语前加上与动词相搭配的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式，即：我们可以说give sb. sth., send sb. sth., buy sb. sth.；我们也可以说give sth. to sb., sen
7、d sth. to sb., buy sth. for sb.。请看下面两种情况：I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动)I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday. (被动)c) 复合宾语的主动语态变成被动语态如果将带有复合宾语（既：宾语 + 宾语补足语）的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子，句子的宾语作被动句的主语；原句里的宾语补足留在原处，成
8、为主语补足语了。例如：They asked me to help them. (宾语补足语) I was asked to help them. (主语补足语) We saw them coming over. (宾语补足语) They were seen coming over. (主语补足语)2. allow _. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如： Mother _TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。_被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy_ to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。 _允许做。 如，我们不允许吸烟_should be allowed to do sth.
9、应该被允许做某事（被动语态）Sixteen-year-olds _应该允许16岁大的青少年选择自己的服装。它的主动语态是：should allow sb. to do sth.【链接中考】The students_play basketball after school every day.(2007内江市)A. allow to B. are allowed to C. were allowed to3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done 如：I get my car made. =
10、 I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车【链接中考】(2009兰州市) She tells her son to have his hair_(cut) every other month4.choose v.选择n._ 过去式_过去分词_ job/work5.agree-n._ 同意某人的意见_同意做某事_6. enough 足够_ _ enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。7. stop _ _
11、_8. dress +_ 给穿衣 be in +_put on :_ wear : _9. 似乎好像_=_Eg;_ _他看起来好像很伤心。 10. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), keep,seem等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. She seems
12、 angry.11. need _ _ _12 at that age 在那种年龄 at the age of 在岁时(此短语可以转换为when的时间状语从句)13. 倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是由so主语(同一主语) 助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词 意为；确实是。 - She has finished the work. -So she has
13、 .-她已经完成了工作 - ,她确实完成了。-She walks to school. -So she does.-她步行学校，-的确如此【链接中考】-In recent years, more and more Americans like traveling during holidays. -_. (2007 济宁市) A. So do we Chinese B. So will we Chinese C. So we Chinese do D. So we Chinese will ：-Ann has made great progress recently. - _ and _. (2007 湖北咸宁市) A. So has she, so have you B. So has she, so you have C. So she has, so you have D. So she has, so have you 思考 neither/nor14. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中15. stay up 熬夜如：I_.我经常熬夜到12点。 Stay up doing sth. 熬夜做某事 如；他昨晚熬夜准备考试_【链接中考】During t
