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1、Have you ever held a question in mind for so long that it becomes part of how you think?甚至可能已经成为你自己的一部分？Now, this is an interesting question because if you speed up learning you can spend less time at school.那么，这是一个很有趣的问题，因为如果你可以加快自己的学习的速度，你就可以花更少时间在学校里。And if you learn really fast, you probably wou
2、ldnt have to go to school at all.在我小时候，上学还凑合，但我常常发现上学会阻碍学习，因此在心里面我有了这样一个问题：怎样才能学得更快呢？Now, when I was young, school was sort of okay but I found quite often that school got in the way of learning so I had this question in mind: how do you learn faster?(这个想法)在我很小时候已经开始了，大约我11岁的时候，我给前苏联的研究者写了一封关于睡眠学习的信
3、， 所谓“睡觉学习”，就是拿一个磁带录音机放在你床边， 等你入眠后机器开始播放磁带，(然后)目的是通过这种方式来学习。And this began when I was very, very young. When I was about eleven years old I wrote a letter to researchers in the Soviet Union, asking about hypnopaedia, this is sleep learning, where you get a tape recorder, you put it beside your bed an
4、d it turns on in the middle of the night when youre sleeping, and youre supposed to be learning from this.一个好主意，不幸的是它行不通。But, hypnopaedia did open the doors to research in other areas and weve had incredible discoveries about learning that began with that first question.但睡眠学习确实打开了研究其他领域的大门，并且我们从研究这个
5、问题开始已经有了一些惊人的发现。I went on from there to become passionate about psychology and I have been involved in psychology in many ways for the rest of my life up until this point.从那开始我对心理学充满热情，直到现在我已经投入了几十年的时间从事心理学相关的不同研究和工作。Now, you need to understand that in 1981, everybody thought Chinese was really, rea
6、lly difficult and that a westerner could study for ten years or more and never really get very good at it.呐，你需要明白的是在20世纪80年代初，所有人都认为汉语是真的很难学，一个西方人可能学习10年或以上也未必能学好。And I also went in with a different idea which was: taking all of the conclusions from psychological research up to that point and applyi
7、ng them to the learning process.还有，我带着一种不同的想法，就是把心理学对这个问题研究所得的全部结论运用到我学习的过程当中。But I looked around and I saw all of these people from different countries struggling terribly with Chinese, I saw Chinese people struggling terribly to learn English and other languages, and so my question got refined dow
8、n to: how can you help a normal adult learn a new language quickly, easily and effectively?但我看到周围那些来自不同国家的人在为学习中文苦苦挣扎，中国人在为学习英文或其他语言苦苦挣扎，因此我的问题便细化到：怎样帮助一位正常的成年人更快、更容易和有效地学会第二门语言。Now this is a really, really important question in todays world.要强调的是，在今天的世界里这是一个非常非常重要的问题。We have massive challenges with
9、 environment. We have massive challenges with social dislocation, with wars, all sorts of things going on and if we cant communicate were really going to have difficulty solving these problems.我们需要面对大量的(有关)环保问题的挑战，我们需要面对很多社会混乱和战争的挑战，各种各类事情在发生，如果我们不能沟通那我们将难以解决这些问题。So we need to be able to speak each
10、others languages. This is really, really important.因此，我们需要能够说对方的语言。这真的非常重要。The question then is how do you do that？ Well, its actually really easy.接下来的问题是，怎样做到？这实际上是很容易的。Now when I say this, most people think Im crazy, this is not possible. So let me remind everybody of the history of human progress
11、, its all about expanding our limits.呐，当我说成年人能在6个月内学会任何一种外语，大多数人都认为我疯了，这是不可能的。因此，先让我提醒在座各位关于人类历史的进展，所有人类历史都是在扩展我们的极限。In 1950 everybody believed that running one mile in four minutes was impossible and then Roger Bannister did it in 1956 and from there its got shorter and shorter.在20世纪50年代，所有人都相信跑出4分
12、钟1英里的成绩是不可能的，后来罗杰班尼斯特在1965年做到了，而从那开始跑1英里的时间变得越来越短 。100 years ago everybody believed that heavy stuff doesnt fly.100年前，每个人都相信重的物体不能飞。Except it does and we all know this. How does heavy stuff fly?它不但可以飞，而且我们大家都知道这个事实。那么，重物是怎样飞的呢？We reorganize the materials using principles that we have learned from ob
13、serving nature, birds in this case.如今，我们甚至走得更远，你可以驾驶一辆会飞的汽车。你可以花几十万美元购买一辆这样的汽车。And today weve gone ever further, so you can fly a car. You can buy one of these for a couple hundred thousand US dollars.我们现在有了会飞的汽车了。And theres a different way to fly that weve learned from squirrels.在能飞的松鼠的身上我们学会了另一种不同
14、的方式来飞。So all you need to do is copy what a flying squirrel does, build a suit called a wing suit and off you go, you can fly like a squirrel.你只要做的是去复制一只飞鼠如何飞的原理，建造一套翼服，你就可以像一只飞鼠那样可以在天空中飞翔。Now, most people, a lot of people, I wouldnt say everybody but a lot of people think they cant draw.那么，大多数人，很多人，
15、我不会说所有人，但很多人认为他们不会画画。So, anybody can learn to draw in five days and in the same way, with the same logic, anybody can learn a second language in six months.因此，任何人都能够用5天时间学会画画，同样地，用同样的方式和逻辑，任何人都可以在6个月内学会一门外语。How: there are five principles and seven actions.怎么做呢？ 有5个原则和7个行动可以跟随。There may be a few more
16、 but these are absolutely core.可能有更多，但这些绝对是核心部分。And before I get into those I just want to talk about two myths, dispel two myths.让我跟你们说说关于佐伊的事情。Zoe came from Australia, went to Holland, was trying to learn Dutch, struggling a great deal and finally people were saying: youre completely useless, youre not talented, give up, youre a waste of time and she was
