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1、兒科醫學術語,義大醫院兒科 蘇有村,內容,兒童生長與發育常見醫學術語 新生兒身體評估常見醫學術語 高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候常見醫學術語 兒童常見疾病之診斷症狀及徵候常見醫學術語 小兒科常見設備撿檢查與治療常見醫學術語,兒童生長與發育,Growth成長: physiological increase in size Development發育: physiological, psycosocial, and cognitive changes Term infant足月兒: 38-42 weeks of gestation Preterm infant早產兒: before 38 weeks
2、Posterm infant過期妊娠兒: after 42 weeks New born/neonate新生嬰兒: first 28 days of life Infant嬰兒期: the first year Toddler幼兒期: eight months to 3-4 years Preschooler學齡前期: 3-4 years to 5-6 years School age: 6 to 12 years Adolescence: before 18-20 years,新生兒身體評估-1,Apgar score for the newborn 新生兒阿帕嘉評分: heart rate
3、, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex response, skin color Anthropometric measurement 身體的測量: Body weight, Body length/body height, Head circumference頭圍, Chest circumference胸圍 Alterations in head shape for the newborn 新生兒頭部形狀的改變: caput succedaneum胎頭水腫(產瘤), cephalohematoma頭血腫, molding 胎頭變形 Alterat
4、ions of female genitalia 女嬰生殖器的改變: pseudomenstruation 假性月經,新生兒身體評估-2,alteration of anus肛門的改變: meconium胎便 Skin features of the newborn: birthmark胎記, telangiectatic Nevi, Lanugo, milia, mongolian spots蒙古斑, vernix caseosa Neonatal reflex: blinking or coreal light reflex, dolls eyes reflex, pupillary re
5、flex, sneeze reflex, cough reflex, yawn reflex, gag reflex, rooting reflex, sucking reflex, swallowing reflex, babinski reflex, palmar grasp reflex, plantar grasp reflex, crawl reflex, stepping or dancing reflex, moro reflex, tonic neck reflex, trunk incurvation reflex, placing reflex,高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候-
6、1,Apnea of prematurity 早產兒呼吸暫停 Asphyxia 窒息 Drug-exposed infant 產前藥物成癮母親的嬰兒 High risk newborn 高危險新生兒 Hyperbilirubinemia 高膽紅素血症, pathologic jaundice 病理性黃疸 Infant of diabetic mother 糖尿病母親的嬰兒 Kernicterus / bilirubin encephalopathy 核黃疸/膽紅素腦病變 Low-birth weight infant 低體重兒 Meconium aspiration syndrome 胎便吸入
7、症候群,高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候-2,Necrotizing enterocolitis 壞死性小腸結腸炎 Neonatal seizure 新生兒抽搐 Periventricular / intraventricular hemorrhage 腦室周圍-腦室內出血 postmaturity syndrome 過度成熟症候群 Prematurity/preterm birth 早產 Respiratory distress syndrome 呼吸窘迫症候群 Retinopathy of prematurity 早產兒視網膜病變 Sepsis neonatorum/ neonatal sept
8、icemia 新生兒敗血症 Very low birth weight infant 體重非常低的嬰兒,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候Infection-1,Measles/Rubeola 痲疹 Rubella/ german measles/ 3-Day measles 德國痲疹 Mumps 腮腺炎 Varicella/chicken pox 水痘 Shingles/herpes zoster 帶狀皰疹病毒 Cytomegalovirus 巨細胞病毒 Herpes simplex virus 單純皰疹病毒 Epstein-barr virus/ infectious mononucleosis/
9、kissing disease EB病毒/感染性單核白血球增多症 Rabies 狂犬病 Poliomyelitis 脊髓灰質炎/小兒麻痺症 Japanese encephalitis JEV 日本腦炎 Hand- foot-mouth disease 手口足病,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候Infection-2,Diphtheria 白喉 Pertussis/whooping cough 百日咳 Tetanus 破傷風 Scarlet fever/scarlatina 猩紅熱 Relapsing fever Lyme disease Tapeworm 條蟲 Fluke 血吸蟲 Roundworm/
10、ascaris lumbricoids 蛔蟲 Pinworm/enterobius vermicularis 蟯蟲 Hookworm/nacator americanus 鉤蟲,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候Infection-3,Thrush/oral candidiasis 鵝口瘡/口腔念株菌症 Gonorrhea Syphilis 梅毒 Chlamydial infection Trichomoniasis Human papillomavirus Herpes simplex virus 單純皰疹病毒 Bacterial vaginosis Human immunodeficiency vi
11、rus ( HIV) 人類免疫缺乏病毒,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候-respiratory system,Allergic rhinitis 過敏性鼻炎 Sinusitis 竇炎 Otitis media 中耳炎 Pharyngitis Tonsillitis Croup 哮吼 Acute epiglottitis 急性會厭炎,兒童疾病之診斷症狀,徵候-respiratory system,Bronchitis Bronchiolitis 細支氣管炎 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 肺支氣管發育不良 Asthma 氣喘 Pneumonia 肺炎 Influenza 流行性感
12、冒 Cystic fibrosis Tuberculosis Foreign body aspiration,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候 gastroinestinal system,Cleft lip 兔唇 Cleft palate 顎裂 Congenital megacolon 先天性巨結腸症 Imperforate anus/ anal atresia 無肛症 Tracheo-esophageal fistula 食道氣管廔管 esophageal atresia,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候 - cardiovascular system,Congenital heart disease 先
13、天性心臟疾病 Atrial septal defect 心房中隔缺損 Ventricular septal defect 心室中隔缺損 Patent ductus arteriosus 開放性動脈導管 Transposition of the great vessels 大動脈轉位 Tetralogy of fallot 法洛氏四重症 Aortic stenosis Pulmonary stenosis,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候-hemotologic system,Iron deficiency anemia 缺鐵性貧血 Sickle cell disease 鐮刀性貧血 Aplastic
14、anemia Thalassemia 地中海型貧血 Hemophilia Leukemia,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候-genitourinary system,Urinary tract infection Nephrotic syndrome 腎病症候群 Epididymitis 副睪炎 Orchitis 睪丸炎 Acute glomerulonepritis Hypospadia 尿道下裂 Hydrocele 陰囊水腫 Crytorchidism 隱睪症 Inguinal hernia,兒童疾病之診斷症狀,徵候 - musculoskeletal system,Developmental
15、dysplasia of the hip 髖關節發育障礙 Pectus carinatum 雞胸 Pectus excavatum 漏斗胸 Kyphosis Hperlordosis Scoliosis Polydactylia 多指(趾) Syndactyly 併指(趾) Genu valgum Genu varum Clubfoot Muscular dystrophy 肌肉萎縮症,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候- endocrine system,Diabetes mellitus Phenylketonuria 苯酮尿症 Congenital hypothyroidism 先天性甲狀腺功能低
16、下症,兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候- neurologic system,Cerebral palsy 腦性麻痺 Hydrocephalus 水腦 Reyes sydrome Kawasaki disease 川崎氏症 Down syndrome 唐氏症 Meningitis Epilepsy Febrile convulsion 熱性痙攣 Brain tumor,小兒科設備撿檢查與治療- 1,Chest physical therapy Oxygen therapy Oxygen tent 氧氣帳 Oxygen hood 氧氣罩 Oxygen mask 氧氣面罩 Steam inhalation 蒸氣吸入 Nebulizer Total parenteral nutrition 完全腸胃外營養療法 Lumbar puncture,小兒
