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1、Chapter Seven Distribution /Supply Chain Management,Learning objective,To understand the definition of distribution/Supply Chain Management To Understand the elements within distribution/Supply Chain Management To learn the tactical and operational techniques of distribution/Supply Chain Management,
2、Text 1 Distribution/Supply Chain Management,【Para 1】Overview of Supply Chain（供应链概述） Supply chain (also called value chain or demand chain), is the network of the involved companies, through upstream and downstream linkages, in the different processes and activities that produce value in the form of
3、products and services in the hands of the ultimate consumer. For example, a shirt manufacturer is a part of a supply chain that goes upstream through the weavers of fabrics to the manufacturers of fibers, and downstream through distributors and retailers to the final consumer. Each of these organiza
4、tions in the chain is dependent upon each other.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,【Para 2】The Definition of Supply Chain Management（供应链管理的定义） There are various definitions of different edition. But in general, Supply chain management means the management of upstream and downstream relationships with s
5、uppliers and customers to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain as a whole. The supply chain arrangement links a firm and its distributive and supplier network to end customers.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,The integrated value-creation process must be managed from mater
6、ial procurement to end-customer product delivery. The integrated supply chain management shifts traditional channel arrangements from loosely linked groups of independent businesses that buy and sell inventory to each other toward a coordinated initiative to increase market impact, overall efficienc
7、y, continuous improvement, and competitiveness.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,【Para 3】Reasons for Developing Supply Chains（供应链发展的原因） Greater competitive advantage Greater value to consumers Reduces the lead time gap Faster and smaller deliveries to intermediate customers Introduces the concept of i
8、ncreased shareholder value These reasons give rise to the notion that in future, we will see supply chains competing with supply chains rather than competition between organizations.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,【Para 4】The Goal of Supply Chain Management（供应链管理的目标） Since World War II, with the dev
9、elopment of the operations research and management science, there has been an increasing interest in supply chain planning and management. Working together, supply chain planners/managers and all members of the front, middle and back end of the supply chain may enhance revenue, cost control, and ass
10、et utilization as well as customer satisfaction.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,Furthermore, software for optimization has been embraced by all of these parties, as it offers mathematical modeling solutions to supply chain problems. For example, a software package might provide an optimum delivery r
11、oute of the products, from supplier to manufacture. In conclusion, the goal is to optimize efficiency through supply chain management.,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,Optimization promises to improve a companys supply chain performance in a variety of areas： Reducing supply costs Improving product ma
12、rgins Increasing manufacturing throughput Better return on assets,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,New Words and Phrases overview n. 概要 upstream adj. 上游的，溯流而上的 downstream adj.下游的 linkage n. 连接 ultimate adj. 最终的 fabric n. 织物，布 fiber n. 纤维,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,channel n. 渠道 arrangement n. 排列，安
13、排 distributive adj. 分发的，分配的 integrated adj. 综合的，完整的 procurement n. 获得，取得 coordinated adj. 协调的，综合的 initiative n. 初步，开始 efficiency n. 效率 competitiveness n. 竞争力,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,shareholder n. 股东 utilization n. 利用 optimization n. 最佳化，最优化 mathematical adj. 数学的，精确的 modeling n. 建模，造型 margin
14、n. 盈余，利润，毛额 throughput n. 生产量, 生产能力 give rise to 引起，导致,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,Notes 1But in general, supply chain management means the management of upstream and downstream relationships with suppliers and customers to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain as a who
15、le. 但概括起来，供应链管理是指以整体供应链的较低成本提供较高顾客价值的、对供应商和客户之间的上下游关系的管理。,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,2The integrated supply chain management shifts traditional channel arrangements from loosely linked groups of independent businesses that buy and sell inventory to each other toward a coordinated initiative to increase market impact, overall efficiency, continuous improvement, and competitiveness. 整合的供应链管理改变了传统的渠道安排, 从互相买卖存货、联系松散的独立的商业行为, 转向能提高市场影响力、整体效率、获得持续增长、增强竞争力的协调的主动行为。,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,3Reduces the lead time gap. 减少订货至交货的时间间隔。,Text 1 Supply Chain Management,4Working t
