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1、 关于成本管理在项目管理中的地位和作用中英文对照And the effect on cost management in the project management status in Chinese and English.论文关键词:施工企业 项目管理 成本管理Keywords: project management for construction enterprise cost management论文摘要:本文主要是作者结合自己做的工作，对工程项目管理中成本管理的具体论述，成本管理对于降低工程项目成本支出，提高施工企业的竞争力，提高项目整体管理水平和经济效益都起到一定的作用。Abs
2、tract: This paper is based on the authors own work, to discuss the cost management in construction project management, cost management to reduce project costs, improve the competitive power of construction enterprises, can play a certain role in improving the overall project management level and eco
3、nomic benefits.并从几个方面讲述了成本管理的重要性,并提出了降低工程成本的几种方法。And tells the importance of cost management from several aspects, and puts forward several methods to reduce project cost.0、前言0, the 在我国的经济体制由计划经济转向市场经济过程中,行业竞争日趋激烈,以建设工程招投标为主要特征的建筑市场已经形成, 行业市场的竞争突出体现在造价竞争上。施工企业要提高市场竞争力,就必须在项目施工中以尽量少的物化消耗和劳动力消耗来降低企业成本
4、,把影响企业成本的各项耗费控制在计划范围之内。也就是说,只有施工企业加强成本管理,才能增强市场适应能力和竞争能力。所以以项目利润成为企业利润主要来源的施工企业,成本管理就成为施工企业管理中的重中之重。本文结合实际施工情况,就施工中成本管理存在的一些问题谈些粗浅认识。In Chinas economic system from a planned economy to a market economy in the process, the increasingly fierce industry competition, the bidding for construction project
5、 as the main characteristics of the construction market has been formed, the market competition is mainly reflected in the cost competition. Construction enterprises to improve the market competitiveness, we must in the construction of the project to material consumption and labor consumption of les
6、s as far as possible to reduce the cost of enterprise, the influence of the enterprise cost control in the project scope. That is to say, to strengthen the cost management of construction enterprises in order to enhance market only, ability of adaptation and competition ability. So the project profi
7、t has become the main source of profits of construction enterprises, cost management becomes the priority among priorities management of construction enterprises. In this paper, combined with the actual construction situation, some problems of cost management in the construction to talk about some o
8、f shallow understanding.1、增强项目成本控制意识1, strengthen the consciousness of cost control of the project 随着我国经济的不断发展,加强项目成本管理,首先要树立强烈的成本控制意识,使降低成本成为每个员工的自觉行为。做到这一点,靠教育和灌输是一个方面,更重要的是从项目运作体制和机制上加以保证。目前,国有企业的项目经营模式一般都是由项目经理承包或实行经济责任考核,但不论哪种形式,一个普遍存在的问题都是利益与风险不对等,权利与义务不相称。有的项目经理权力很大,风险却很小。企业的盈亏很大程度依赖于项目经理的个人素
9、质,而最终的结果往往是包盈不包亏。正是由于这种弊端的存在,可能导致项目的经营者对各项成本不重视,管理不精细,甚至有可能出现“黑洞”。而项目的职工由于成本与自己的切身利益并无太大关系,也会表现出对成本漠不关心,于是成本控制就成为一句空话,项目的利润目标会大打折扣,有的甚至出现严重亏损。With the continuous development of China economy, to strengthen the project cost management, to establish the first strong cost control consciousness, to redu
10、ce costs become the conscious action of each employee. To do this, by education and indoctrination is one aspect, more important is to ensure that the project operation system and mechanism. At present, management mode of the state-owned enterprise projects are generally by the project manager contr
11、act or the implementation of the assessment of economic responsibility, but no matter what kind of form, a common problem is the benefits and risks are not equal, not commensurate with the rights and obligations. The project manager has a lot of power, the risk is very small. The profit and loss of
12、enterprise depends largely on the project manager s personal qualities, but the end result is often Bao Ying no packet loss. Because of the defects, may lead to project managers do not attach importance to the costs, management is not fine, there could even be a black hole . And the project staff du
13、e to cost and their own interests is not too big relations, will show to be indifferent to the cost, and the cost control has become an empty talk, project profit target will be greatly reduced, and some even serious losses.2、利用项目成本全面管理原则控制和降低成本2, the project cost control and reduce the cost of comp
14、rehensive management principles 2.1 建立和完善成本管理控制体系2.1, establish and improve the cost management control system 成本管理控制体系是指以项目经理为第一责任人,各个管理层面和施工班组人人参与其中的成本管理网络系统,系统中的每一个环节都担负着一定的成本管理内容。从项目经理、技术负责人到现场管理员都必须落实成本管理责任,知道自己管理的内容是什么,要达到怎么样的控制目标以及如何控制。成本控制体系应根据工程的进展和需要及时调整和完善,同时要注重对管理人员的业务培训,以不断提高管理人员的业务素质和管
15、理水平。The control system of cost management refers to the project manager for the first responsibility, cost management network system each management level and the construction team everyone involved, each link in the system bears a certain contents of cost management. From the project manager, techn
16、ical director to the site administrator must implement the cost management responsibility, know what is management content, to achieve control objectives how and how to control. Cost control system should be adjusted and perfected in time according to the progress and the needs of the project, at the same time, should pay attention to the management of staff training, to improve the management of the service quality and manage
