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1、2013导航考研“早起鸟计划”英语复习先行班英 语 讲 义主讲：肖克中国考研第一权威品牌2013年考研英语阅读以及长难句全面提速Part 1难句分析三大原则原则一：拆分意思群体，迅速抓住主干难句之难在于如何化整为零，如何在复杂的结构中分析清楚主干和从句，如何拨开云雾见光明。关键要抓住意思群体，比如一个谓语的成分多达十个单词，就不能一个一个单词翻译，要把他们想成整体。定语从句很长，要抓关键的意思，不能眉毛和胡子一起抓。很多学生喜欢逐字阅读，过于咬文嚼字，而忽视了句子的整体性。还有些同学碰到难句子就划黑色的圆圈，结果到头来什么也看不出。不要拘泥于难词，因为很多难词并不是正确答案的所在。原则二：熟悉
2、难句的类型以及特殊的分析技巧难句很多种多样,从句型上看有定语从句, 状语从句,名词性从句；从短语类型上看,有分词状语,动名词短语,介词短语；从成分的特殊位置看, 有倒装句, 插入语，省略情况，分割结构；从语气看有虚拟语气，建议语气等。对不同的难句采取专项突破，一定会起到事半功倍的效果。原则三：利用语法、不靠语法即在考研中，考生永远也不需要在考场上分析一句话的语法成分，也不要想这句话有没有语法错误，考生的唯一任务就是现场迅速的读懂文章。然而在初期可以少量的运用语法，目的有二：一为初学者如果看不懂句子的结构，往往会感到心情沮丧，或者大脑混乱，根本就读不进文章，因此引入语法能够给读者以信心；二为运用
3、语法，可以了解文章的语法结构，并最终完全熟悉各种类型的句子，达到一遍就可以读懂句子的效果。Part 2各种句型的类型1英语基本的句型(1) 主-谓结构(SV)All the folks in the theatre were deeply moved.The existence of both racial and sexual discrimination in employment is well documented.(2) 主-系-表(SVC)She is feeling depressed today.To be or not to be is a hard thing.(3) 主-
4、谓-宾(SVO)All parents have to solve the problems of freedom and discipline.Early upbringing in the home is affected both by the educational pattern of the country and by the parents capabilities.(4) 主-谓-直接宾语-间接宾语(S-V-Od-Oi)He offered me a great hand.The modern white furniture and the special painting
5、give the store an expensive look.(5) 主-谓-宾语-宾语补语(SVOC)Tom made Jim cry loudly.Some students hold it a sensible choice to reform the economic system.We consider it a good opportunity to study abroad.We painted the roof red.(6) 主-谓-宾语-宾语-同位语Some women are normally inactive in social activity in the Ar
6、abian country but,all of a sudden, start a political campaign, an action that turns against the present political system.2各种从句的类型一. 主语从句阅读1.That inflation strikes the economic system and causes severe economic crisis is well-known.2.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What r
7、esearchers such as Ransom Myers have shown is just how fast things are going.二. 宾语从句阅读1.Cartwright believes that one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams.2.They dont know whether this decision comes out of convincing proof or whether it can be put into practice.三. 表语从句阅读1.I am no
8、t afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of is how I would die.2. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that，unlike the rises in the rises in the 1970s，it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation.四. 同位语从句阅读
9、1. In talking to some young scientists, you might gather the impression that they find the scientific method substitute for imaginative thought.2. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.五. 定语从句阅读1. Some companies are li
10、miting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the companys private internet.2. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.3.Maybe it is un
11、likely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations 4. Undoubtedly, science provides the only means we have for learning about man and the world in which he liv
12、e.六. 副词性从句阅读-状语从句(1). 时间状语从句(1) We can not do anything about it until we know the truth.(2) Immediately he arrived, he started describing us what had happened.(3) The day he returned home, his grandpa was already dead.注: 很多表示时间的名词词组和副词也可以引导时间状语从句: instantly, immediately, directly, the day, every tim
13、e, the minute, the moment.(2). 条件状语从句(1) If only I had worked harder, I would finish the job.(2) As long as you keep on trying, you will certainly succeed.注: 很多词组也可以引导条件状语从句, Provided that, Given that, Supposing that, On condition that, In case that(3). 原因状语从句(1) Theory is valuable in that it can pr
14、ovide a direction for practice.(2) Now that the weather has improved, lets go out for a picnic.注: 很多词组也可以引导原因状语从句, now that, in that, considering that, on account of, owing to, due to, thanks to.(4). 让步状语从句(1) Tom always enjoys swimming, even though the weather is rough.(2) Despite the existence of
15、national differences, certain situations have a universal appeal.注: 很多词组也可以引导让步状语从句,even if, as, no matter what, no matter how, despite, while, whatever, whenever, whoever, however.(5). 目的状语从句(1) They climbed to the top of the mountain in order that they could get a birds-eye view of the city.(2) Take an umbrella in case it rains.注: 很多词组也可以引导目的状语从句, so that, in order that, lest, in case that, for fear that.（6）方式状语从句(1) He made some changes as you had suggested.(2) She was behaving as if she handnt grown up.注: 很多词组也可以引导目的状语从句, as, as if, as though, the way,the
