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1、2014新版八年级英语下册第一至第十单元知识点总结Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、基础知识1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ mt(r) /n.问题；事情What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you?= What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have
2、a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼4. much too+形容词， too much+不可数名词5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enoughgood enough足够好，enough money=much money8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you dont know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”， The music sounds nice.9. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词，需要某物；need to do st
3、h.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车11. agree 同意，赞同； agree with sb. 同意某人12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble make trouble ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth13. right away=right now=at once，立刻，马上14. advice 不可数
4、名词劝告，建议，向征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； 15. exercise 练习、锻炼 当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s16. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤， 不及物动词，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.18. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the f
5、ace/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态； used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit.20. free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird.free使解脱，得到自由：He could n
6、ot free his arm.21. run out用完，用尽物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的， decision 【名词】决定；抉择；25. be in the contro
7、l of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中26. 【复习】mind意为， Would you mind my opening the window?27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.Unit 2 Ill h
8、elp to clean up the city parks一、基本知识点2. cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out， 4.give sth. out to sb. 意为把某物分发给某人 。5. used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。6. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的
9、感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after 【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗心的 【副词】carefully 仔细地8. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛such+形容
10、词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物 如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time9. try out for参加选拔，争取成为Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out试用，试验10. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅
11、行；travel【名词、动词】travel around the world 【名词】traveler旅行者 11.【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情12.】try doing sth. 试着去做某事 只是一种尝试 try to do sth. 试着做 尽力去做某事 try ones best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事13. be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人、某事14. raise money集资，筹钱；r
12、aise money for为筹钱raise【动词】举起；提高；募集15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。17. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为；think/
13、find it +形容词to do sth.18. make a difference to对有影响；对有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如19. difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难20. train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog21. be excited about sth.
14、对某事感到兴奋 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.excited意为兴奋的，修饰人；exciting意为令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。22. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order。23. change【动词】变化，改变Its hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RM
15、B.24. repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】Unit3 Could you please clean your room?1，Could you please（not） do sth ?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。 Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cantCould I do a sth? 我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?2，at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至多，不超过3，finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。【拓展】take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步 ta
