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1、Unit 1 Wise men in history(1) 第一课 基础知识点一、 必记单词golden adj. 金的；金色的 Olympics n. pl.奥运会agreement n. 同意；应允 pot n. 罐doubt v. 不能肯定；对没把握 real adj. 真的；正宗的truth n. 真相；实情 seem v. 好像；似乎solve v. 解决；处理 fill v. 装满；注满bowl n. 碗；盆 brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的metal n. 金属 certain adj. 确定的；肯定的prison n. 监狱；牢狱 hit v. (hit，hit)(用手或器
2、具)击；打correct adj. 准确无误的；正确的 mistake n. 错误less det.（与不可数名词连用）较少的；更少的二、 常考短语in ancient Greece 在古希腊(be) happy with（对某人或事物）满意的 = be pleased/satisfied with fillwith 用把装满 think about = consider 考虑；思考 be filled with=be full of 充满；装满 run over 溢出 go straight to “直奔，直接去” each other 互相；彼此ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
3、onethe other 一个另一个send sb to prison 把某人关进监狱 tell the truth 说实话make sure 确保；设法保证 something else 别的东西 bothand 和都 pay attention to (to为介词）leave sb alone 不打扰某人；不惊动某人 （leave me alone）notany longer=no longer send sth to sb-=send sb.sth 把某物寄/送给某人be made of +看得见的原材料 由制成 cut up 切割开；切碎be made from +看不见的原材料 由制
4、成 takeoff 领走；带走；使离开be made by + sb. 被某人制成 at the beginning of 在的开头三、常用句型：1.asas one can 尽可能，相当于asas possible2.hit sb. in/on +the +身体部位，打某人的某个部位（身体部位较硬或凸起，用on；部位较软或下凹，用in） 3.one of the+adj最高级+可数名词复数 最的之一4.try to do sth.试图做某事，尽力做某事 5.it is believed that 6. be （not）allowed to do sth （不）被允许做某事7.getto do
5、 sth 让/使做某事 8.start to do sth 开始做某事四、辨析1.辨析：win与beatWin（won,won）及物动词宾语表示比赛、奖品、战争、荣誉等名词He won the argument.不及物动词意为“获胜”Who won?he won.Beat(beat,beaten)及物动词意为“击败”宾语为比赛或竞争对象China beat the United States by two to one.不及物动词意为“（风雨）等拍打；（心脏）跳动”I felt my heart beating faster.2. 辨析：else与otherelse副词用于不定代词（anyth
6、ing,something,nothing等）、疑问词（what，who,where）后other形容词或代词做形容词时，放在名词前作定语；作代词时，常与定冠词the连用，构成onethe other，表示（两者中）一个另外一个Eg:who else will go with us? Where are the other students? I have two pens,one is red,and the other is blue.3. 辨析：discover与invent 这两个词都用作及物动词，都指人们首先见到新鲜事物，但含义不同。discover发现指发现或偶然发现原本存在的，但
7、一直未被认识或不为人知的东西invent发明指创造发明出新的、原来并不存在的东西 Recently they discovered gold. 最近他们发现了黄金。 Edison invented the electric light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯泡。4.辨析：at first与first of allat first起初；当初相当于at the beginning，与后来发生的事相对照，其反义词组为at last（最后，终于）first of all首先，第一相当于first，表示顺序，是时间上或一系列行动的开始，后面往往接next，then等 At first I didn
8、t want to go,but I soon changed my mind. 起初我不想去，可是不久我改变了主意。 First of all,open the windows,then turn off the gas,and if necessary,call an ambulance. 首先，打开窗子，然后关掉煤气，如果需要，叫一辆救护车。5. 辨析：however与but二者都有“然而，但是”的意思，其区别如下：however然而；不过比较正式，可以放在分句之首、之中或之尾；其前面或后面要用逗号隔开，如在句中，其前后都要加逗号。but但是转折的意味比however要强，从语序上看，b
9、ut总是置于引出的分句之首。 Its raining hard,however,theyre still working in the field. 雨下得很大，然而他们仍然在地里干活。 Id like to go swimming with you,but I have to tidy the garden now. 我很想和你一起去游泳，但是我现在必须整理花园。6.辨析：real与truereal强调客观存在，并非想象的或虚构的，即某物外表与实质之间有一致性Christmas Father isnt a real person.圣诞老人不是真实的人物。true强调事实与实际情况相符，并非杜
10、撰、捏造的，符合一定标准、一定模式Is it true that he is dead? 他死了，是真的吗？7.辨析：be made of与 be made frombe made of看得出原材料The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木头做成的be made from看不出原材料The wine is made from grain. 这酒是用粮食酿造的。 【中考链接】 Books are made paper while paper is mainly made_ wood. A. of;of B. from;from C. of;from D. from;of
11、8. 辨析：notany longer/no longer 与 not any more/no more notany longer/no longer:多指时间上不再延续，与之搭配的词多为延续性动词。not any more/no more 侧重程度或在数量上不再增加I dont want to stay here any more. The poor boy wont come any more./the poor boy will no more come.9. 辨析：see sb doing sth与see sb do sthsee sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事I saw
12、 her cross the road.(穿过了马路）see sb do sth看到某人做了某事，指看到动作发生的全过程或看到动作经常发生I saw her crossing the road(正在过马路）与此相同的词（组）：watch,hear,notice,observe,look at,listen to10.辨析：the next day与next day the next day第二天，常与一般过去式连用The next day,all the books were sold out.next day明天，常与一般将来时连用Next day,I will go shopping wi
13、th him.11.辨析：dress，wear,put on,have on 与indress给（某人）穿衣服表动作后接sb./oneself作宾语she dressed himself quickly.wear穿着表状态后接衣服、首饰、鞋帽等名词we wear uniforms at school.put on穿上表动作后接衣服,鞋帽等名词please put on your hat.have on穿着表状态接衣服类名词，宾语是代词时，放中间，不用进行时I have on a pair of jeans today.in穿着表状态后接表颜色或衣服的名词hes always in green
14、shoes.助记：穿戴动作put on，状态wear已穿上;dress接人作宾语,in 后颜色或衣裳12. 辨析：used to do sth,be used to do sth,与be used to doing sthUsed to do sth.过去常常做某事I used to be afraid of the dark.Be used to do sth被用来做某事The room is used to have a meetingbe /get used to doing sth习惯于做某事You will soon be/get used to living in the city.13. 辨析：through over acrossThrough穿过；通过指从空间内部穿过T
