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1、浅谈that和which在定语从句中的特殊用法在定语从句中，that和which都可指代事物，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。现在就它们的特殊用法分别谈一谈。1 只用that,不用which当先行词为all,little,much,few,none,some,something,anything,nothing,everything,the one等代词时We should do all that is useful to the people.我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。We havent got much that we can offer you.能够向你提供的东西，我
2、们没有许多。I mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。Nothing that he talked about can be seen now.他所谈及的任何事现在都已不复存在了。She has got many books and wants to lend a few that are of great value to me.她有许多书，并想借几本很有价值的书让我读一读。先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,some,one of,much,every,very,last,same,right等修饰语
3、时The only thing that we could do was to ask the police station for help.我们唯一能够做的事是向派出所请求援助。You can take any seat that is free.任何空着的座位你都可以坐。There is little time that we can spare.我们没有什么时间可以抽出来。This is one of the presents that my friends gave me on my birthday.这是我生日那天朋友们给我的礼物之一。These are the very poin
4、ts that puzzle me.这些正是我所迷惑的地方。This is the same bike that I lost two weeks ago.这就是我两周前丢失的那辆自行车。先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时This is the best that has been used against pollution.这是用来防止污染的最好的办法。Well never forget the second lesson that Miss Li gave us.李老师给我们上的第二课，我们永远难忘。When people talk about
5、Hangzhou ,the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.当人们谈起杭州时，首先想到的就是西湖。It is the most important task that should be finished in a short time.这是必须在短时期内完成的最重要的任务。主句以There be开头时There is a seat in the corner that is still free.角落里仍有一个空位子。当关系代词在定语从句中作to be的表语时Mike isnt the boy that he used to be.迈克不再
6、是过去的老样子。先行词为数词时Yesterday I put two fish in basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive.昨天我在一盆水里放了两条鱼。你可以看见那两条鱼现在还活着呢。先行词中既有人又有物时The bike and its rider that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.碰倒了一位老年妇女的那辆自行车连人一起被警察扣留了。如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用了which,另一个宜用thatEdison built
7、up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.爱迪生办了一家工厂，生产过去从未见到过的东西。当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?正在那边读报纸的人是谁？Which of the books that have been placed on the desk is yours?放在桌子上的哪一本书是你的？只用which,不用that关系代词前面有介词时They visited Hangzh
8、ou ,after which they went to Guilin.他们参观了杭州，然后去了桂林。引导非限制性定语从句时Crusoes dog ,which was now very old ,became ill and died.克鲁索的狗现在已经很老，病死了。当先行词本身是that时That which you told him about is what we want to know .你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。当关系代词后面带有插入语时Here is the English grammar which ,as I have told you ,will help impr
9、ove your English.这就是我跟你说过的，会有助于你学好英语的那本英语语法书。有两个定语从句，其中一句关系词已经用that ,另一句宜用whichAt the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.我在车站买了几本杂志，这些杂志有助于我在车上消磨时间，而且，我看完之后，还可以给别人看。用that容易产生歧义时He has a good friend in the museum (that应改为which) we visited yesterday.他有个好朋友在我们昨天参观过的博物馆里。（上句若用that,在语法上能成立，但含义模糊。That是指friend呢，还是指museum,不清楚。用which意思一目了然。）
