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1、Grammar the Subjunctive Mood 虚 拟 语 气,We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday . If I were you , I would study hard .,indicative mood陈述语气,imperative mood祈使语气,subjunctive mood虚拟语气,Can you translate the sentences into English?,用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,subjunc
2、tive mood,Definition,如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限， 我希望是-一万年!,待我长发及腰， 少年娶我可好？ 如果此时我长发及腰， 少年娶我可好？ 如果那时我长发及腰，少年娶我可好？,1)If I _ as tall as Yao Ming, I _ become a famous basketball player.,were,1.与现在事实相反虚拟：,would,if引导的虚拟条件句,2) If I _ a lot of money,I _ buy a villa.,had,would,与现在事实相
3、反虚拟：,3) If I were a bird, I would have two wings. If I had two wings, I could fly in the sky. If I spoke their language, I should make friends with other birds. If I flew too low, I might be shot by a hunter.,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,did（were）,would/could/ should/might +do,与现在事实相反虚拟,如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给化工院中学
4、 建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每 一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人， 我会把钓鱼岛从日本手里抢回来。,If I _ a millionaire, I _ build a library for Hua Gongyuan Middle School. If I _ enough money, I _ (supply) free food to the students. If I _ a superman, I _ seize Diao Yu Islands back from Japan.,were,would,had,could supply,were,might,与现在事实相反
5、虚拟Group work,2.与过去事实相反虚拟：,1)If Jack_(be) on board the Titanic, he _(meet) Rose.,2）If Jack and Rose both _ (die)in the accident, we _(know)this moving love story.,hadnt been,wouldnt have met,had died,couldnt have known,4) If Titanic _ ( not hit) an iceberg, the unsinkable ship _ (not sink) into the o
6、cean.,hadnt hit,wouldnt have sunk,与过去事实相反虚拟：,3) If Jack_ alive now, he _ (marry) Rose. If they_ _ (marry), they _ (live) a happy life in the future.,were,might marry,had married,might have lived,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,过去,had done,would/could/should /might +have done,5) If he had driven more carefully, h
7、e would not have had the car accident yesterday.,与过去事实相反虚拟：,What would have happened if the farmer hadnt seen the snake?,If the famer _(not see) the snake, he _ (not put) it under his coat; if he _ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake _ (not bite)him;if the snake_ (not bite)him,he _(not die).,hadnt
8、 seen,wouldnt have put,hadnt put,shouldnt have bitten,hadnt bitten,couldnt have died.,(农夫与蛇),与过去事实相反虚拟Group work,If the God _(give) me another chance，I_ (tell) the girl three words, “ I love you.” If I _(have to) set a time limit to our love, It_ (be)10,000 years!,should give/were to give/gave,would
9、 tell,had to,would be,如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限， 我希望是-一万年!,3.与将来事实相反虚拟：,待我长发及腰， 少年娶我可好？ 如果此时我长发及腰， 少年娶我可好？ 如果那时我长发及腰, 少年娶我可好？,与将来事实相反虚拟：,1.Would you marry me if I _an adult? 2. Would you marry me if I _an adult? 3. Would you have married me if _an adult?,were to be,were,I
10、had been,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,将来,1.did（were）,would/could/ should/might +do,2.should+do 3. were to do,If it should be fine next Friday, I would go shopping.,与将来事实相反虚拟：,If the students were to have / had 3 days off next week, the students should be very happy. 如果下星期同学们放三天假，同学们会很高兴。,与将来事实相反虚拟：Group work,
11、如果李颂有朝一日成为国王，我就是皇帝的老师，到那时我将作为国王的老师受到人们的尊敬。我将为他感到自豪。 If Li Song becomes king of our country in the future, I will become the kings master. By then I would be respected by people as kings master and I shall be proud of him.,became/were to become/,would,(改正文章中出现的三处错误）,should,总结： if虚拟条件句,1、If+主语+动词过去式 2
12、、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形,If+主语+ 动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,即：If+一般过去时态 （be动词一般用were),If+主语+had +动词的过去分词,即：If+过去完成时态,主语 + would ( should / might / could )have done,主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,补充1含蓄型虚拟语气,1）用without, with, but for .but that
13、等介词所引起的介词短语来表示隐含条件 Without water, there would be no life in the world. But for the rain, we would have finished the work. 2）用连词or, otherwise, but, however等表示隐含条件 She would have come here, but she was too busy with her homework. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise, he would have come to the party.,
14、1）If you had followed the doctors advice then, you would be all right now. 如果你那时听了医生的话,你现在就好了. 2) If he had prepared well for his lessons yesterday, he wouldnt have so many difficulties now. 如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话,他现在就不会这么困难.,主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表示的动作并不是同时发生,这时动词的形式并不完全按照上述表格形式进行,而需要按照各自的时间来调整,这样的句子就叫错综时间
15、条件句.,补充2.错综时间条件句,从句中if有were ,had ,should等词语,可以将if省略,同时were ,had ,should提至句首,构成倒装.表示虚拟条件 1) If I should meet her, I would tell her. =should I meet her, I would tell her. 2) If I were in your position, I would do it better. =were I in your position, I would do it better. 3) If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. = Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded,补充三:if虚拟条件句中的倒装,1) If only I knew hi
