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1、主谓一致专项撰稿：俞平 审稿：赵悦 编辑：郭素清一、用法归纳在写作的时候，一定要关注句法中的主谓一致现象，主语的人称和数要与谓语动词保持一致。1、语法上一致（1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。Water is very important to the trees. The beautiful girl over there is my daughter. （2）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To be polite is important for children. It is difficult for him to do that. （3）动名词作主语时
2、，谓语动词用单数形式。Walking slowly is a good sport for the old. In my opinion, swimming is the best sport in summer. （4）what 引导的主语从句，一般情况下谓语动词用单数形式，但是如果表语是复数或并列结构，谓语动词就要用复数形式。What you said is very interesting. What I am looking for are these new books. （5）and, bothand 并列主语指两个人或物时谓语动词要用复数形式，但是，如果 and 并列主语指一个人
3、或物时，即 and 后面的名词没有冠词时，谓语动词用单数形式。She and I are both League members. Both my father and my mother are Party members. The bread and butter is good to taste. The chain and watch is gold.（6）and 并列主语，而且名词前分别有 each, every, no 等修饰时谓语动词要用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has right to receive education in the scho
4、ol. Each man and each woman has a gun. （7）主语是单数与 as well as, no less than, more than, but, except, besides, with, along with, together with, like, including, but（除外）等连接其他名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。The woman with three children was standing over there. Mike as well as you two is very brave. No one except me know
5、s anything about it. The fact, together with what I have heard, proves him wrong. （8）不定代词 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, neither, either, each 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Listen! Someone is knocking on the door. I am sure nobody
6、 knows about it. Neither of us has ever been abroad.（9）疑问词 what, who, which 作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据意思来确定单复数。Who is going to answer this question? Please put up your hand.Who are in the classroom?What is in the glass?What are in the basket?（10）由 clothes, trousers, scissors, compasses 作主语时谓语动词要用复数。Look! My tr
7、ousers are so new. Where are the scissors? （11）主语为 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, half, some, any, all, most 等+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据中心名词来确定。A lot of people are waiting for you in the meeting room. A lot of water is needed here. There is plenty of rain here in summer. There are plenty of apples for you al
8、l. （12）分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据中心名词来确定。As we all know, three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. Three-fourths of the students in our class are boys. （13）a number of + 名词表示数量作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式，the number of +名词表示数字作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。A number of students are playing on the playground.
9、The number of students is twenty. 2、意义上一致主语形式上是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词要根据意义而采用复数形式；同样，主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，那么谓语动词也要用单数形式。（1）表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数形式作主语，作为一个整体来看待时，谓语动词用单数形式。Seven days is a good holiday. Ten dollars is enough for me to buy this book. Five kilometers is a long distance for an old walker. （2）数词作主语时，谓语动词
10、用单数或复数形式都可以。Two plus two is(are) four. Five minus four equals(equal) one. Two times five makes(make) ten. （3）以-ics 结尾的学科名词，如 physics, mathematics, politics 及 news 等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Mathematics is one of the most difficult subjects for most students in our class.The news is very encouraging. Politics
11、is very important to all of us. （4）书名、国名、报纸名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。The United States is a developed country. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading with the young people. （5）集体名词 family, class, school, crowd, army, group, team 等作主语时，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词就用单数形式，如果看作个体，谓语动词就用复数形式。My family is not very big. My f
12、amily are sitting at the breakfast table. Their group are discussing some questions. This group is having a meeting. （6）the+姓氏的复数形式表示全家人作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。The Smiths are talking about the strike before breakfast. The Zhangs are going to see a film after dinner. （7）the+形容词指一类人作主语，谓语动词用复数形式; the+形容词指个人及抽象概
13、念作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。The poor are often looked down upon. The disabled are taken good care of here. The wounded is getting better and better day by day. The happy is not easy to get for me. 3、就近一致（1）用 or, either or, neithernor, whetheror, not only but also 并列主语时，谓语动词的形式随靠近谓语的主语变化。Neither you nor he is all
14、owed to go there alone. Either he or you are going there to have a look. Not only my sisters but also my brother likes to listen to the radio.（2）倒装句中并列多个主语时，谓语动词的形式随谓语后的第一个主语变化。Where is your mother and two sisters?Here comes the bus and many cars. （3）there be 并列多个主语时，谓语动词的形式随第一个主语变化。There is a book
15、and two dictionaries on the desk. There are two dictionaries and a book on the desk. 二、强化训练1. Her family _ all very kind and his family _ a big one. A. are, are B. is, is C. are, is D. is, are2. He and I _ classmates when we were in middle school. A. am B. was C. are D. were3. Five minutes _ an hour
16、 when one is waiting for a phone call. A. is B. are C. are like D. is like 4. Not only you but also I _ mistaken, I am afraid. A. have B. were C. am D. had 5. Jane, along with her parents, _ to Canada. A. have moved B. has moved C. are moving D. have been moving 6. Writing stories and articles _ what she enjoys most. A. is B. are
