《形容词和副词用法详解及练习(附答案)1.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《形容词和副词用法详解及练习(附答案)1.doc（32页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、形容词&副词教学目的：1. 掌握形容词和副词的比较等级用法； 2. 了解比较级和最高级前的修饰语和倍数的表达； 3. 能够识别常用形容词和副词的词义辨析； 4. 学会使用形容词作表语、定语的句法功能及其所构成的固定句型结构；第一模块-高考要点形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点。同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。其考点主要包括：1考查形容词和副词词义辨析。如：rather, still, such, surprised, surprising, therefore, though, to
2、o, very, yet等。2考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词数词(序数词、基数词)描绘性形容词(nice, good, interesting, beautiful等)特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)颜色形容词国籍、出处物质、材料用途、类别中心名词。3考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。如：三种常见的倍数表达法： (1)倍数as形容词或副词原级as； (2)倍数the size/length/width/depth/height of； (3)倍数形容词或副词比较级than被比较对象。4 考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。如： mor
3、e than, not more than, no more than, less than, not less than, no less than, other than, rather than，nothing else than“仅仅， 只不过”，more than a little “非常，很”，more often than not “经常，在大多数情况下”，cannot(never, hardly)too(enough)“无论也不过分，越越好”等。形容词和副词的构成 形容词就其词形来说分为简单形容词和复合形容词。简单形容词是由一个字构成的，如：big, good, yellow,
4、 long等。1.复合形容词的构成 单个形容词的构成比较复杂，考生要熟记常见的形容词的后缀（如：-able,-al,-en,-ful,-ish,-ous -y,-ly等等）。而复合形容词是有规律可循的。1.由一些名词加字尾构成形容词规 则例 词规 则例 词名词+fuluse-useful有用的beauty-beautiful美丽的wonder-wonderful奇妙的harm-harmful有害的名词+yluck-lucky幸运的rain-rainy多雨的noise-noisy喧闹的health-healthy健康的名词+lyfriend-friendly友好的love-lovely可爱的br
5、other-brotherly兄弟般的名词+able/iblecomfort-comfortable舒适的value-valuable有价值的expanse-expansible可扩展的名词+lesshope-hopeless没希望的harm-harmless无害的care-careless粗心的 use-useless无用的名词+ishfool-foolish愚蠢的self-selfish自私的2.由一些动词加后缀构成形容词规 则例 词规 则例 词动词+ant/entplease-pleasant愉快的differ-different不同的动词+ive/ativeact-active活跃的t
6、alk-talkative多嘴的动词+able/iblechange-changeable变化的agree-agreeable令人愉快的动词+able/iblechange-changeable变化的agree-agreeable令人愉快的response-responsible负责任的动词+itefavor-favorite最喜爱的动词+sometire-tiresome令人厌倦的trouble-troublesome麻烦的3.复合形容词 复合形容词是由两个或多个字构成的，复合形容词的形成有多种。规 则例 词规 则例 词形容词+名词-edkind-hearted名词+形容词world-fam
7、ous形容词+形容词dark-blue名词+现在分词peace-loving形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking名词+过去分词snow-covered形容词（副词）+形容词wide-awake名词+（普通）名词English-language副词+现在分词hard-working数词+名词-edtwo-faced副词+过去分词newly-built数词+名词twenty-year2.副词的构成规 则例 词在形容词后加“ly”entirely curiously exactly fortunately attentively immediately将形容词的词尾“le”变“ly”co
8、mfortablecomfortably gentlegently possiblepossibly probableprobably词尾“y”变“i+ly”busybusily easyeasily heavyheavily angryangrily hungryhungrily luckyluckily happyhappily特殊词truetruly第二模块-课堂新授 形容词是描述人和事物的性质、特征或状态的一种开放性词类，主要用来修饰名词或部分代词；副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子等，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。Section 1 形容词和
9、副词的用法一形容词和副词的句法功能 1.作定语：形容词作定语一般位于被修饰词的前面；副词作定语多表示时间或地点，位于被修饰词的后面，如here, there, up, down, then, below, above, in, out等。He has never seen such a more interesting film.My mother tells me a funny story.On our way home,we saw a traffic accident.通常情况下，副词作定语放在名词之后，若放在名词之前则被视为形容词。 the upstairs room upstair
10、s为形容词 the room upstairs upstairs为副词The people here are very friendly to us. 2.作状语：形容词作状语通常说明主语的情况，主要表示原因、结果或方式，可位于句首、句中和句末；副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子。Hot and wet, you couldnt imagine the climate here in summer. (表原因)The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked. (表方式)She stared into the distance
11、, speechless for a long time. (表伴随)My own position is rather different. (adv.修饰adj.)Can you see the words clearly on the blackboard? (adv.修饰v.)Fortunately, everything worked out all right in the end. (adv.修饰整个句子) 3.作表语：形容词作表语，常位于连系动词be, feel, get, turn, become, prove, seem等之后；副词作表语，表示主语的方位、方向、动作和状态等
12、。Our teacher are strict with us in the study.The weather is getting colder and colder.I have to be off now.Sorry,Mr.Smith isnt in.He is out. 4.作补足语：形容词和副词都可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语，说明主语或宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等。一般来说，能用作表语的形容词都可用作宾语补足语。The fish was caught alive.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make you
13、r trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.He kept the fire on for a few minutes. 有些表示地点、时间的副词还可以作介词的宾语。如：here和there可以与along, around, down, from, in等介词连用，但通常不与to连用(from here to there)除外，而表地点的副词abroad则只与from连用。 注意：副词主要用来作状语，只有少量的副词如：away,up,on,in,off,out等才可以用来作表语和宾语补足语。here,there可以用来作表语，还可
14、以后置修饰名词用作定语。【练习】Many a student has a _ opinion of him. But he is spoken _ of by the leaders. A. bad; worse B. badly; highly C. bad; more D. bad; better 【解析】答案为D 。have a bad opinion of sb.对某人评价不高；speak highly/well of sb.对某人评价很高。据句意，选D项。To their great relief, the missing child returned home, _, after an absence of two weeks.A. felt tired and sound B. tiring and soundlyC. feeling tired but soundly D. tired but sound【解析】答案为D。句意：使他们宽慰的是，丢失的孩子两周后又重返家园，虽然很疲惫但很健康。形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，不表示动作的方式。二表语形
