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1、读写任务 说明文 【写作策略】 1. 命题特点: (1)说明文一般是先呈现一种社会现象, 然后陈述其原因、结果(正面积极的社会影响即好的结果, 或是给社会造成的负面影响即危害), 人们对这种现象的看法、议论, 有时会涉及解决这种现象的办法, 或作者呼吁大家采取哪种行动等。 (2)以简洁明了的文字介绍事物, 对其类别、特征、状态、功能等进行解释。具有知识性、科学性、应用性、解说性和条理性。 (3)此类短文通常会有中心句(多在首段), 写概要时要注意找出中心句, 抓住关键词。对现象分析型说明文, 要找出造成这种现象的原因和解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议。,2. 解题关键: (1)审题: 明确写作要
2、求。 (2)分析阅读材料: 概括主题。寻找关键的信息。 (3)列要点。 (4)使用合适的连词, 连句成文。,3. 写作素材: 常用句式和模板 A. 说明文概述的句型模板: 根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出三种参考模板： （1）. 描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”： (In the passage) the writer introduces. (对象)to us, especially its.(性质或功用), from which we know.(对象带来的利好). （2）. 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”： The passage tells us.
3、(问题), and the solutions including.(方法1), .(方法2)and.(方法3). （3）. 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”： (The passage talks about).(现象), because /but.(原因/本质1), and. (原因/本质2).,（4）说明文摘要写作应注意的问题。 出现在读写任务中的说明文阅读材料多为揭示某一社会现象的题材，因此，对这类文章进行概括时要抓住社会现象及其产生这一现象的原因等两大要素。其摘要写作总的模板：社会现象原因。说明文或新闻报道是为读者提供一定的信息或揭示、描述某种社会问题的，作者的写作意
4、图往往没有明确地在文章中表达出来，所以我们在概括完原文的要点后，往往要先把作者的写作意图点明后才发表自己的意见。如果是说明性或描述性短文，就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。,B. 使用高级词汇代替普通词汇 (1)A: At weekends, we had a lot of homework to do. (一般句子) B: At weekends, we have homework to do. (高级句子) (2)A: Is wealth necessary to happiness? (一般句子) B: Is wealth essential to happiness? (高级句子) (
5、3)A: It is very important for beginners to read English aloud every day. (一般句子) B: It is for beginners to read English aloud every day. (高级句子),endless,of great importance,(4)A: Students should respect their teachers. (一般句子) B: Students their teachers. (高级句子) (5)A: She used her time fully to study Ph
6、ysics. (一般句子) B: She to study Physics. (高级句子) (6)A: He is busy with a translation of a French novel. (一般句子) B: He a translation of a French novel. (高级句子),are supposed to show respect for,made good use of her time,is occupied with,(7)A: Our village was very poor before. Most children had no money to
7、go to school. However, since the open policy people are much richer now. Now it has a new look. (一般句子) B: Our village very poor before. Most children to go to school. However, since the open policy people now. Now it . (高级句子),used to be,couldnt afford,are living a much richer life,is taking on a new
8、 look,C. 句式体会: 一句多译 上周我被接纳为亚运会志愿者, 我感到非常兴奋。 (1)并列句: I was accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games last week and I felt so excited about it. (2)同位语从句: The news that I was accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games last week made me very excited. (3)主语从句: It made me very excited that I was accept
9、ed as a volunteer for the Asian Games last week. (4)宾语从句: I felt very excited that I was accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games.,(5)状语从句: When I heard that I had been accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games, I felt very excited. (6)定语从句: I was accepted as a volunteer for the Asain Games las
10、t week, which made me very excited. (7)使用非谓语动词: Hearing that I had been accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games, I felt very excited. (8)强调句: It was last week that I was accepted as a volunteer for the Asian Games and I felt so excited about it.,【高考现场】 阅读下面的短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150个词左右的英语短文。 Simulate a
11、Life The ultimate goal of life is to achieve happiness, and the way to achieve happiness is the wise management. So says The Sims(模拟人生), an American strategic life simulation computer game that lets you create, direct, and manage the lives of Sim Citys residents.,Similar to the life of a real person
12、, the game begins with the creation of your simulated(模拟的)people: pick a name and a gender, decide on personality or an astrological sign(星 座), and then choose a look from a variety of heads, bodies, and skin tones. Each little Sims person has all basic needs (hunger, comfort, fun, etc. )like a huma
13、n which can be satisfied by interaction with other Sims or purchased objects. Name, gender, and appearance dont affect game play much, but personality determines how your Sims plays with others. One game play goal is to improve your Sims and eventually help him or her achieve happiness. With proper
14、management,he or she can climb a career ladder, which nets(捕获，得到)him or her more money. This allows the purchase of higher quality stuff(材料), which lets you improve your Sims even more. With suitable care, your Sims can have a mate, kids, and a mansion(宅第) with an indoor pool. Mismanage your new, si
15、mulated family, and fights will break out, jobs will be lost, and the house will fall apart. With The Sims, you can create whatever and whomever you desire. Triumph or tragedy? You name it. In your real life, it is the same case.,【写作内容】 1. 约30个词概括短文的要点。 2. 以约120个词写一篇文章, 并包括以下要点: (1)模拟人生就是规划人生, 说出人生规
16、划的重要性。 (2)就如何有效规划高三学习, 谈谈你的具体做法。,【写作要求】 1. 可以参照阅读材料的篇章结构组织故事, 但不得直接引用原文中的句子。 2. 标题自定。 【评分标准】 概括准确, 语言规范, 内容合适, 语篇连贯。,【审题】,【炼句】 1. 模拟人生是一个美国的计算机游戏, 在这个游戏中你能够通过在模拟世界创造、指导和管理一个模拟的身份从而找到在现实生活中获得幸福的方法。 a. (一般表达)The Sims is an American computer game. You can find the way to achieve happiness in your real life
