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1、柴油机 UG NX 复杂零件数控编程与仿真系统开发摘要船用柴油机的制造技术一直是造船行业的关键技术，然而，船用柴油机的制造 却一直滞后于整个造船流程，其中最主要的原因是船用柴油机零件一般形状复杂、体 积庞大，加工难度大，对企业加工设备和工作人员的要求较高。所以研究出一套针对 性强、实用的船用柴油机复杂零件数控编程与仿真软件是十分必要的。本文通过编写的切削参数优选系统确定切削参数，以 UG 为平台，对其 UG/CAM 模块进行二次开发，构建适用于船用柴油机复杂零件加工的自动编程系统；并且针对 柴油机复杂零件加工的数控系统对 UG 后置处理器进行二次开发，研制出专用的后置 处理器；最后以 VERI
2、CUT 软件为平台对柴油机复杂零件的加工过程进行虚拟仿真。 主要完成如下工作：（1）采用了一种基于变形遗传算法的切削参数优化选择方法，并在此基础上开发 了一个在工程数据库支持下的切削参数优选平台。（2）根据企业产品和生产组织特点，运用 UG 二次开发技术，构建适用于船用柴 油机机架类和缸盖类零件的数控加工平台。该平台可以实现船用柴油机机架类和缸盖 类零件数控加工编程的相关操作，包括工艺信息的管理、加工参数的管理、加工程序 的创建，以及刀轨的生成。（3）通过 UG 中后置处理器的开发工具 UG/Post，对 UG 的后置处理器进行二次 开发，针对某船用柴油机厂的机床 MV-80(FANUC 18
3、im)、HFB-180(FANUC 16im)和 HM800(FANUC 18im)等 7 台数控开发了 FANUC 18iM(16iM) 和 SIEMENS 840D 数控系统的专用后置处理器。（4）基于 VERICUT 软件开发了一个数控加工工艺系统仿真系统，包括 2 台虚拟 机床模型、控制系统及有关刀具、夹具模型的建立，可以对柴油机的复杂零件（机架、 缸盖）进行加工仿真，有效地进行碰撞检查和加工程序的验证。该系统实现了切削参数优选和优化、刀具轨迹的自动生成以及相应数控代码的自 动生成、对加工过程的模拟仿真，并且能对加工程序的错误检查；通过对加工过程的 仿真检查出数控程序的不合理之处，实现
4、了对刀具轨迹生成和后置处理器开发的反馈 检查，最终保证产品试切成功率和加工安全性，具有很强的应用价值。关键词： 切削参数优化；柴油机复杂零件；数控编程；UG 二次开发；VERICUT 加工仿真；IAbstractThe manufacturing of the marine diesel is the key technology in shipbuilding field. But the manufacturing of marine diesel has been lagging behind the whole shipbuilding process. The main reason
5、 is that the parts of the marine diesel is always complicated, huge in bulk, difficult to manufacturing, and requiring good machine and high level workers. So, to research and find an efficient and simple way to do the NC programming and processing simulation which need to be done right now.This art
6、icle through to write cutting parameter optimization cutting parameters to determine the system of UG platform, the UG/CAM module for secondary development, constructing the applicable to Marine diesel engine parts processing complex automatic programming system; And for diesel engine parts processi
7、ng of complex numerical control system of rear UG second processor development, developed a special rear processor; The VERICUT software for the platform on diesel engine complex parts machining process of the virtual simulation. Complete the following main job:(1) Using a cutting parameter optimiza
8、tion selection method based on deformation genetic algorithm, develop a cutting parameters optimization platform in support of the engineering database based on this.(2) According to the products and products and manufacturing organization features, use UG re-development technology, form CNC manufac
9、turing platform fit to marine diesel engine frame and cylinder parts.This platform can realize the CNC manufacturing programme work of marine diesel engine frame and cylinder parts, including the management of process information and manufacturing parameters, construction of NC programming,creation
10、of tool path .(3) Through the middle and rera processor of UG development tools UG/Post, put up a re-development of UG rera processor, in allusion to machines of one Marine diesel engine factory MV-80 (FANUC 18 im), HFB-180 (FANUC 16 im) and HM800 (FANUC 18 im),numerical control machine developed FA
11、NUC July 18 im (16 im) and SIEMENS 840 D numerical control system for the rear processor.(4) According to the VERICUT software，develop a system to prccess craft to imitatethe true system,including seven virtual tool machine modals,control system and the establishment of some tools and fixtures modal
12、,it can carry on the processing to imitate toIIthe complicated spare parts of diesel ,and carry on colliding a check and processes procedure availably.The system realized the selection and optimization of cutting parameter、the automaticcreation of the tool path and corresponding numerical control co
13、de、the simulation of manufacturing process, and can check for the error of processing procedures; Through the simulation of manufacturing process to check out the shortcomings of numerical control program, to realize the creation of tool path and the feedback check of rear processor development to e
14、ventually ensure the success rate of products test cutting and safety of processing, have strong application value.Keywords: cutting parameters optimization; Diesel engine complex parts; Numerical control programming; UG second development; VERICUT machining simulation;4目录第一章 绪论. - 1 -1.1 课题的研究背景 . - 1 -1.2 国外研究的现状 . - 2 -1.2.1 数控编程技术 . - 2 -1.2.2 后置处理技术 . - 2 -1.2.3 加工仿真技术 . - 3 -1.3 国内研究
