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1、Section Grammar & Writing,写作专题突破,Unit 1,语法专题突破,Section ,语法专题突破,A 品味语法 1He suggested that we(should)be there in time. 2The doctor advised that he(should)change his job. 3He recommended that we (should)go home at once.,自我探究 第1句中suggested意思是“建议”，宾语从句中谓语动词是should动词原形。 第2句中advised意思是“建议”，宾语从句中谓语动词是should
2、动词原形。 第3句中recommended意思是“推荐，建议”，宾语从句中谓语动词是should动词原形。,B 品味语法 1If it snows tomorrow，we will build a snow man. 2We live where the road crosses the river. 3Though she works very hard，she makes very slow progress.,自我探究 第1句中If it snows tomorrow意思是：如果明天下雪，引导条件状语从句。 第2句中where the road crosses the river意思是：
3、河流与街道交叉的地方，引导地点状语从句。 第3句中Though she works very hard意思是：尽管她很努力，引导让步状语从句。,特殊形式的虚拟语气(should)do 虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由“should(可省略)动词原形”构成的that从句。,The driver demanded that all the passengers(should)show their tickets to him. 司机要求所有的乘客向他出示票据。 The officer ord
4、ered that his troops(should)move on to the front. 军官命令他的军队应该开往前线。 The commander commanded that we(should)attack at once. 司令员命令我们立即进攻。,注意：suggest that.中的that从句并非总用虚拟语气：表示“建议做某事”，用虚拟语气；表示“表明，暗示”，则不用虚拟语气。insist也是如此，表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气，其它则用虚拟语气。,Janes pale face suggested that she was ill，and her parents sugge
5、sted that she(should)have a medical examination. 简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医学检查。 I insisted that she was innocent. 我坚持认为她无罪。,二、主语从句的虚拟语气 基本结构： It be/seems(表示愿望、建议、命令、要求等意义的)形容词/过去分词/名词that主语(should)动词原形。 在本结构中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，从句中谓语动词的形式为should do，should可以省略。 1It is过去分词that.(should)do. 常见的此类过去分词有：
6、,2It is important/necessary/natural/strange/a pity/no wonder etc.that sb.(should)do. It is required that the students wear school uniforms at school. 学校要求学生在学校必须穿校服。 It is proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting. 据提议应该在下次会议考虑这件事情。,三、表语从句的虚拟语气 基本结构： (表示提议、建议、命令、要求等的)名词bethat主语(sho
7、uld)动词原形 常见的此类名词有：,My suggestion is that we should try our best to help the refugees in the earthquakes. 我的建议是我们应尽力帮助地震受难者。 The doctors advice was that you give up smoking. 医生建议你应该戒烟。,四、同位语从句的虚拟语气 基本结构： (表示提议、建议、命令、要求的)名词that主语(should)动词原形。 常见的此类名词有：,What do you think of my suggestion that we send a
8、 few workers to help other groups? 你认为我的那个我们应该派几个工人去帮助其他小组的建议如何？,地点、条件、让步状语从句 一、地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever(no matter where)，anywhere， everywhere Where地点从句，主句。 where引导地点状语从句，意为“在的地方”。 Where there is no rain，farming is difficult or impossible. 在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本是不可能的。,Where there is a will，the
9、re is a way. 有志者，事竟成。(谚语) wherever地点从句，主句。 wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。 Wherever you go，I go too. 无论你到什么地方，我都去。 whereverno matter where无论何处，多用于句首。,二、条件状语从句 常用引导词：if，unless 特殊引导词：as/so long as，only if，providing/provided that，supposing that，in case that，on condition that。 If it doesnt rain tomorrow，w
10、e will go hiking. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。,I will go to the party unless he goes there，too. 我会去参加聚会的，除非他也去。(如果他不去，我就不去。) 注意：(1)条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态，而用一般现在时或现在完成时。 (2)要注意条件状语从句中的省略情况。 状语从句的省略原则：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致或是从句主语为it，从句中谓语动词含有be的形式，通常可把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(be)省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。,三、让步状语从句 常用引导词：though，although，even if
11、，even though 特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，no matter.，in spite of the fact that，while，whatever，whoever，wherever，whenever，however，whichever 1though与although 当句中有though，although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet，still可连用。,【误】Although he is rich，but he is not happy. 【正】Although he is rich，yet he is no
12、t happy. 虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。 【正】Although we have grown up，our parents treat us as children. 【正】Although we have grown up，our parents still treat us as children. 尽管我们已经长大了，可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩。 注意：although 不能像 though 那样用作副词，用作副词时，thoughhowever.,2as，though引导的倒装句(although不能引导倒装句) as引导的让步状语从句的倒装句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、名
13、词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。though引导的让步状语从句可倒装，可不倒装。 注意：(1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。,(2)句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will，he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. Though he tries hard，he never seems. 虽然他尽了力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。 Child as/though he was，he knew what was the right thing to do
14、. Though/Although he was a small child，he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是个孩子，但他知道做什么是正确的。,3even if，even though即使 Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。 4whether.or not不管都 Whether you believe it or not，it is true. 不管你信不信，这都是真的。,5“no matter疑问词”或“疑问词后缀ever” No matter
15、 what happened，he would not mind. Whatever happened，he would not mind. 不论发生什么，他都不介意。 注意：no matter疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。,.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1Dont go out tomorrow if it _(rain) 答案：rains 2I dont know if he _(come) tomorrow. 答案：will come 3The doctor suggests _(drink) more water. 答案：drinking,4I suggested that we _
16、(go) swimming tomorrow. 答案：should go 5If the telephone _(ring)，answer it. 答案：rings 6I made the suggestion that they _(stick to) the plan they had made. 答案：should stick to,7They required that we _(help)hem get in the crops. 答案：should help 8It was ordered that no smoking _(allow) in the library，which made the smokers unhappy. 答
